24种植物精油对德国小蠊的驱避活性

Repellent Activity of 24 Essential Oils Against Blattella germanica

为评估不同植物精油对德国小蠊的驱避活性,进而筛选出驱避效果最佳的植物源驱避剂,为开发新型蟑螂驱避类产品提供参考。采用三连筒测试法进行试验,间隔相同时间对三连筒内德国小蠊的分布状况进行观察并选出效果更佳的植物精油,再用Y型嗅觉仪进一步确定其驱避活性。试验结果表明,在1.2500μL·cm^(-2)剂量下,每2 min对三连筒内德国小蠊的分布状况进行记录,发现24种植物源驱避剂中,水杨醛和桂醛2种植物源驱避剂的驱避效果较显著。对2种植物源驱避剂设置剂量梯度进一步试验,结果表明,驱避率随着浓度的降低而降低。在0.6250μL·cm^(-2)剂量下,2种植物源驱避剂在空气中流动后,三连筒内德国小蠊的分布状况都发生明显变动,均有大部分德国小蠊向远离植物源驱避剂悬挂端移动。在0.3125μL·cm^(-2)剂量下,水杨醛和桂醛对德国小蠊的驱避率均在50%以上,效果仍不错。三连筒试验结束后,再用Y型嗅觉仪对相同浓度的植物精油进行试验,发现水杨醛和桂醛对德国小蠊的驱避率与三连筒试验中的结果相近。综上,水杨醛和桂醛对德国小蠊有较好的驱避效果,具有作为蟑螂驱避类产品的应用前景。

In order to evaluate the repellent activity of different plant-derived repellents against Blattella germanica,and then screen out the best plant-derived repellents with the best repellent effect,and provide reference for the development of new cockroach repellent products.The three-tube test method was used to conduct the experiment.The distribution of B.germanica in the three-tube was observed at the same interval of time,and the plant essential oil with better effect was selected.Then the Y-type olfactory instrument was used to further determine the repellent activity of the selected plant essential oil.The results showed that the distribution of B.germanica was recorded every 2 min at the dose of 1.2500μL·cm^(-2),and the repellent effect of two plant repellents,salicylaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde,among the 24 plant repellents was more significant.The results of further experiments on two plant-derived repellents with varying concentrations showed that the repellent rate decreased with the decrease of the concentration.At the dose of 0.6250μL·cm^(-2),the distribution of Blattella Germanica in the three canisters changed significantly when the two plant-derived repellents were flowing in the air,and most B.germanica moved away from the hanging end of the plant-derived repellents.At the dosage of 0.3125μL·cm^(-2),the repellent rate of salicylaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde against B.germanica was also over 50%,and the effect was still good.After the three-tube test,the Y-type olfactory test with the same concentration showed that the repellent rates of salicylaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde against B.germanica were similar to the results of the three-tube test.In conclusion,salicylic aldehyde and cinnamic aldehyde have good repellent effect against Blattella germanica,and have the prospect of application as cockroach repellent products.