间接存在论:中国信息哲学对信息的独创解读

Indirect ontology: Original interpretation of the Chinesephilosophy of information

回顾信息概念的研究和探索历程,信息最著名的概念经历了从最初的熵和负熵的理论,到之后的差异说、形式说和状态说,从类反映说到意义和符号,再到计算信息和量子信息的学说,等等。虽然在这些理论中可以不同程度地看到客观信息的影子,但是只有中国信息哲学中的“间接存在”概念将客观信息世界予以了最清晰的揭示。早在40多年前,中国信息哲学就指出:“信息是标志间接存在的哲学范畴,它是物质(直接存在)存在方式和状态的自身显示。”后来,中国信息哲学又根据自己提出的信息形态分类理论,把“认识和实践主体对信息的主观把握和创造”也明确地纳入到关于信息本质的扩展性规定之中。近年来,中国信息哲学的最新发展,把存在、非存在,演化和时间,物质、信息和意识等纳入了信息哲学研究的统一框架,进而增加了对信息本质探讨的“物质世界与非存在世界的指向者”的新维度。由于在存在论层面揭示了信息的本质,中国信息哲学提出的间接存在论学说对人类哲学作出了全方位的独创贡献。

Looking back on the research and exploration of the information concept,the most noted concepts of information have gone through from the theory of entropy and negative entropy to the theory of differentiation,formalism and the state theory,from the theory of quasi-reflection to the meaning and the symbol,and then,to the theory of computing information and quantum information,and etc.Although we can see the shadow of objective information in different degrees from these theories,only the concept of“indirect existence”in the Chinese philosophy of information reveals the objective information world most clearly.As early as more than 40 years ago,the Chinese philosophy of information put forward that“information is a philosophical category that marks indirect existence,and it is the self-display of the existing mode and state of matter(direct existence)”.Later,the Chinese philosophy of information explicitly included“the subjective grasp and creation of information by the subject of cognition and practice”into the provisions on the expansion of the essence of information according to its classification theory of information forms.In recent years,the latest development of the Chinese philosophy of information has brought existence,non-existence,evolution and time,material,information and consciousness into the unified framework of information philosophy in order to add the new dimension of“the director of the material world and the nonexistence world”to the discussion of the essence of information.Because the essence of information is revealed at the level of ontology,the theory of indirect ontology put forward by the Chinese philosophy of information has made an all-round original contribution to the philosophy.