垂荡模拟联合视觉虚拟涌浪防晕动症习服训练改善认知作业能力的效果

Improving effects of motion sickness acclimatization training of vertical oscillation simulation combined with visual virtual swell stimulation on cognitive performance

目的探讨正弦垂荡刺激、正弦垂荡联合视觉虚拟现实(VR)涌浪刺激2种防晕动症习服训练方法对极重度晕动症者认知作业能力下降的改善作用。方法根据海上连续航行6 h期间Graybiel评分,筛选出极重度晕动症者90名,随机分为垂荡训练组、垂荡+VR训练组和对照训练组(n=30)。利用自主开发的认知作业能力评测软件对受训者习服训练前后的警觉性、记忆力、快速计算能力、信息处理能力、视觉操作控制能力进行评测。结果垂荡训练组、垂荡+VR训练组受训者在训练第1天的警觉性测试遗漏目标数增加,短期记忆、快速计算、信息处理、视觉操作控制反应时间均延长,快速计算效率下降。经训练达习服水平后,垂荡训练组、垂荡+VR训练组受训者的警觉性测试遗漏目标数恢复至训练前水平,短期记忆、快速计算、信息处理、视觉操作控制反应时间及快速计算效率均得到明显改善。结论垂荡刺激和垂荡联合视觉VR涌浪刺激引起的晕动症可导致警觉性、短期记忆力、快速计算能力、信息处理能力、视觉操作控制能力下降,防晕动症习服训练对以上认知作业能力有明显的改善作用。

Objective To explore the improving effects of motion sickness acclimatization training methods,namely sinusoidal vertical oscillation stimulation and sinusoidal vertical oscillation stimulation combined with visual virtual reality(VR)swell stimulation,on cognitive performance of individuals with extremely severe motion sickness.Methods A total of 90 individuals with extremely severe motion sickness screened by the Graybiel score during 6 h navigation were randomly divided into vertical group,vertical+VR group,and control group(n=30).The abilities of vigilance,memory,rapid calculation,information processing and visual manipulation were evaluated before and after the acclimatization training using a self-developed cognitive performance evaluation software.Results On the 1st day of training,the numbers of missed targets of the vertical group and vertical+VR group were increased in the vigilance test;the reaction time was prolonged in the short-term memory,rapid calculation,information processing and visual manipulation tasks;and the efficiency of rapid calculation was reduced.After acclimatization training,the numbers of missed targets were reduced to the baseline level in the vertical and vertical+VR groups,and the reaction time in the short-term memory,rapid calculation,information processing and visual manipulation tasks and the efficiency of rapid calculation were improved.Conclusion Motion sickness caused by vertical oscillation stimulation or vertical oscillation combined with visual VR swell stimulation can decrease vigilance,short-term memory,rapid calculation,information processing and visual manipulation abilities.Motion sickness acclimatization training can significantly improve the above cognitive abilities.