用于肿瘤光热治疗的血小板膜仿生纳米粒的体外初步研究

Platelet membrane biomimetic nanoparticles for tumor photothermal therapy:a preliminary in vitro study

目的制备用于肿瘤光热治疗的载吲哚菁绿(ICG)血小板膜仿生纳米粒(ICG-PLP),并对其体外特性进行初步评价。方法采用超声法制备ICG-PLP,并用激光粒度仪测定其粒径及zeta电位,用紫外分光光度法检测其包封率,在808 nm近红外光(2 W/cm^(2))照射下考察其光热性质,用SDS-PAGE观察血小板膜蛋白保留情况,用激光共聚焦显微镜考察制剂被小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7及人非小细胞肺癌细胞A549、小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16-F10、小鼠乳腺癌细胞4T1摄取的情况,用MTT法检测ICG-PLP光毒性,通过考察溶血率及细胞相容性初步评价其安全性。在健康SD大鼠体内尾静脉注射给药后考察ICG、载ICG脂质体和ICG-PLP的体内循环时间。结果成功制备了ICG-PLP,其平均包封率为(97.68±0.01)%,平均粒径为(109.77±0.76)nm,平均zeta电位为(-21.23±0.84)mV,多分散系数为0.22±0.01。ICG-PLP很好地保留了血小板膜上的蛋白质,并具有良好的光热性能。血小板膜能促进仿生纳米粒被A549、B16-F10、4T1等肿瘤细胞摄取,并减少巨噬细胞对仿生纳米粒的吞噬。ICG-PLP展示出良好的光热治疗效果,能杀伤肿瘤细胞,且有良好的安全性。静脉给药后,ICG-PLP能延长ICG在健康SD大鼠体内的滞留时间。结论成功构建了ICG-PLP,其在药物靶向递送和肿瘤光热治疗方面具有很大的潜力。

Objective To prepare indocyanine green(ICG)-loaded platelet membrane biomimetic liposome(ICG-PLP)for tumor photothermal therapy,and to preliminarily evaluate its in vitro characteristics.Methods ICG-PLP was prepared by an ultrasound method,and its particle size and zeta potential were determined using a laser particle size analyzer.The encapsulation efficiency of ICG-PLP was detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.The photothermal properties of ICG-PLP were investigated under 808 nm near-infrared ray irradiation(2 W/cm^(2)),and the retention of platelet membrane proteins was observed by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.The uptake of ICG-PLP by mouse macrophage RAW264.7,human non-small cell lung cancer cell A549,mouse melanoma cell B16-F10,and mouse breast cancer cell 4T1 was observed by a laser confocal microscope.Furthermore,the phototoxicity of ICG-PLP was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay,and the safety of ICG-PLP was preliminarily evaluated according to hemolysis rate and cytocompatibility.Besides,the in vivo retention time of ICG,ICG-loaded liposome and ICG-PLP in healthy SD rats was observed after tail vein injection.Results ICG-PLP was successfully prepared and its encapsulation efficiency,particle size,zeta potential,and the polydispersity index were(97.68±0.01)%,(109.77±0.76)nm,(-21.23±0.84)mV,and 0.22±0.01,respectively.ICG-PLP well retained the proteins on platelet membrane and showed good photothermal properties.Platelet membrane enhanced the uptake of biomimetic nanoparticles by tumor cells A549,B16-F10,and 4T1,and reduced the phagocytosis of biomimetic nanoparticles by macrophages.ICG-PLP exhibited a favorable photothermal therapy effect and could kill tumor cells.Additionally,ICG-PLP displayed a good safety.After intravenous administration,ICG-PLP prolonged the in vivo retention time of ICG in healthy SD rats.Conclusion ICG-PLP has been successfully constructed.It has a great potential in targeted drug delivery and tumor photothermal therapy.