以生物蜇伤为代表的环境性急症调查及预防策略

Investigation and prevention strategies of environmental emergencies represented by biological stings

目的了解某岛礁生物蜇伤的流行现况及驻礁人员对岛礁环境性急症的认知情况。方法根据某岛礁就诊情况结合岛礁实地走访调查自行设计无记名问卷,采用方便抽样法抽取270名驻礁人员进行调查。结果共发放270份问卷,回收有效问卷254份,有效率为94.07%。254名驻礁人员中,共164人(64.57%)有蜇伤史,中位蜇伤次数为2(0,5)次,主要临床症状为局部肿痛(142例,86.59%)、瘙痒(110人,67.07%)。驻礁人员岛礁环境性急症相关急救知识得分为14(11,17)分(满分为26分)。绝大多数驻礁人员(227人,89.37%)认为有必要了解岛礁环境性急症相关知识,大多数驻礁人员(186人,73.23%)希望通过单位授课的形式进行学习。结论以生物蜇伤为代表的岛礁环境性急症危害较大,需要开展多重预防及环境治理措施,还应针对驻礁人员特点开展规律、长效、规范的科普知识培训。

Objective To understand the epidemic status of biological stings on an island and the knowledge about environmental emergencies of personnel stationed on the island.Methods With convenience sampling,we investigated 270 personnel using a self-designed anonymous questionnaire based on clinical treatment situation and on-the-spot investigation of the island.Results A total of 270 questionnaires were distributed,and 254 valid questionnaires were returned,with an effective rate of 94.07%.A total of 164(64.57%)personnel had a history of stings,with median times of 2(0,5).The main clinical symptoms were local swelling and pain(142 cases,86.59%)and pruritus(110 cases,67.07%).The personnel scored 14(11,17)for the first aid knowledge about island environmental emergencies(the full score was 26).The vast majority of personnel(227 cases,89.37%)believed that it was necessary to learn the knowledge about island environmental emergencies,and the majority of personnel(186 cases,73.23%)hoped to learn through centralized teaching.Conclusion The environmental emergencies represented by biological stings are becoming increasingly serious,so it is necessary to carry out multiple prevention and environmental control measures,and to carry out regular and long-term training for personnel stationed on islands.