考虑多源不确定性的三维CAD软件质量综合评价

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of 3D CAD Software Considering Multi-source Uncertainties

三维CAD软件质量综合评价需考虑功能、性能、兼容性、易用性等多种类型指标,各类指标数据获取方式不同,样本量各异,且包含不同来源的不确定性。现有软件质量评价方法未充分考虑不同类型指标数据的特点及不确定性进行针对性描述,也未根据各类指标数据不确定性和可信度的差异进行赋权,难以保证质量综合评价结果的可信度。为此,提出考虑多源不确定性的三维CAD软件质量综合评价方法,根据三维CAD软件的特点确定质量评价指标体系,考虑大量重复自动化测试所得性能指标充足样本数据中包含的软件性能本身不确定性和测试环境不稳定干扰,提出自减逆向云发生器以实现对两类不确定性的细分,并避免现有逆向云发生器求解云模型超熵时可能失效的问题;充分考虑易用性指标有限样本数据中的主观偏好不确定性和全局代表性,提出基于拓展区间数的易用性指标数学表征方法。在此基础上,建立三维CAD软件多类型质量指标的云模型统一表征,考虑各指标的可信度进行变权求和,获得具有可信度的三维CAD软件质量综合评价结果。

The comprehensive quality evaluation of 3D CAD software needs to consider several types of indexes such as function,performance,compatibility,usability,and so on.The sample data of various indexes are acquired by different methods,leading to different sample sizes and different uncertainties.The existing methods for evaluating software quality neither fully consider the characteristics and uncertainties of index data in the mathematical modeling of various indexes nor assign the weights of indexes according to the uncertainties and credibility of their index data,and thus can hardly ensure the credibility of comprehensive quality evaluation results.Therefore,a comprehensive quality evaluation method considering multi-source uncertainties is proposed for 3D CAD software.The systematic quality indexes are determined according to the characteristics of 3D CAD software.Considering the uncertainties of software performance itself and the unstable interference of the test environment contained in the abundant sample data of performance indexes obtained from massive repeated automated tests,a self-subtractive reverse cloud generator is proposed to subdivide the two types of uncertainties and avoid the probable failure for the existing reverse cloud generators in calculating the hyper entropy.With the full consideration of the subjective preference and the global representativeness in the limited sample data of usability indexes,a mathematical modeling method for usability indexes is proposed based on the extended interval number.On these bases,a unified representation of multi-type quality indexes based on the cloud model is established for 3D CAD software.By considering the credibility of each index,the variable weight analytic hierarchy analysis is implemented to achieve the reliable comprehensive quality evaluation results of 3D CAD software.