子宫颈免疫防御机能

The immune defense function of cervix

子宫颈是女性生殖系统中重要的组织器官之一,可起到预防感染、保护女性生殖器官等作用。子宫颈免疫防御机能具有其特殊性,包括对各种细菌、病毒等病原体的抵御,并涉及精子、胎儿的耐受。子宫颈免疫防御机能主要由固有免疫和特异性免疫组成,同时也受多种因素影响,特别是受性激素调控,雌、孕激素可直接或间接地精确调控子宫颈上皮细胞、免疫细胞以及细胞因子等。在妊娠期间,子宫颈防御机能更面临着独特的挑战,因该期间激素的变化会使子宫颈形态及子宫颈免疫机能出现较大的改变。子宫颈的免疫防御机能可能会因一种病原体的破坏而互相影响,进而导致整个防御系统的失衡。性激素同样对子宫颈免疫防御机能的调节起重要作用,趋化因子可能在子宫颈免疫防御机能修复过程中发挥作用,但需进一步探索。

The cervix is one of the most important tissues and organs in the female reproductive system,which can play a role in preventing infection and protecting the female reproductive organs. Cervical immune defense function has its particularity,including the defense against various bacteria and viruses and other pathogens,and involves sperm,fetal tolerance. Cervical immune defense function is mainly composed of innate immunity and specific immunity,and is also affected by a variety of factors,especially regulated by sex hormones. Oestrogen and progesterone can directly or indirectly accurately regulate cervical epithelial cells,immune cells and cytokines.During pregnancy,the cervical defense function is facing more unique challenges,because the hormonal changes during this period will make the cervical morphology and cervical immune function appear larger changes.The immune defense function of the cervix may influence each other by the destruction of a pathogen,leading to the imbalance of the entire defense system.Sex hormones also regulate the influence of cervical immune defense,and chemokines may play a role in the repair of cervical immune defense,but further exploration is needed.