基于人口格网的南昌市公园可达性研究

Research on Accessibility of Parks in Nanchang City Based on Population Grid

在城市公共基础设施中,公园绿地占据着重要的位置。通过对公园空间布局的可达性研究,有助于确保城市居民更为便捷、更具公平性地享受公园所提供的服务和功能。根据修正后的南昌市人口格网和百度地图AOI数据,采用高斯两步移动搜索法对步行、骑行和公交3种出行方式下的公园可达性进行评估,结合经济学领域的基尼系数和洛伦兹曲线,对各种出行方式的公平性指数进行分析。根据公园可达性分布情况,进一步运用t-SNE降维技术,并采用高斯混合聚类方法对公园可达性和人口需求进行了组合分区。结果表明:1)在南昌市全域范围内,不同出行方式下的公园可达性存在显著差异,其中骑行可达性最高,步行可达性最低,而公交可达性受地域与时间因素影响呈现较大不确定性;2)南昌市划分为4个组合区域:低需求-低可达性区、高需求-高可达性区、高需求-低可达性区与低需求-高可达性区。此研究不仅揭示了南昌市公园可达性的空间差异,还提供了关于城市公园布局优化的见解,有助于指导未来的城市规划和公园建设工作。

In the urban public infrastructure,parks and green spaces occupy a pivotal position.The study of the accessibility of park space configurations contributes to ensuring that urban residents can enjoy the services and amenities provided by parks more conveniently and equitably.Utilizing re-vised population grid data for Nanchang city and Area of Interest(AOI)data from Baidu Maps,the Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method was employed to evaluate the accessibility of parks under three travel modes:walking,cycling,and public transportation.Subsequently,the eq-uity indices for these various modes of transport was analyzed through the application of Gini coeffi-cients and Lorenz curves,concepts drawn from the field of economics.Based on the distribution of park accessibility,further application of t-SNE dimensionality reduction technique was employed,coupled with Gaussian mixture clustering method,to delineate combined zones for park accessibility and population demand.The results indicate that:1)In the comprehensive scope of Nanchang city,significant variations in park accessibility were observed across different modes of transportation.Specifically,cycling demonstrated the highest level of accessibility,while walking exhibited the low-est.Meanwhile,the accessibility via public transportation showed considerable uncertainty,influ-enced notably by geographical and temporal factors.2)Nanchang city was delineated into four com-bined zones:low demand-low accessibility,high demand-high accessibility,high demand-low ac-cessibility,and low demand-high accessibility.This study not only unveils the spatial disparities in park accessibility within Nanchang but also provides insights into optimizing urban park layout.The findings contribute valuable guidance for future urban planning and park construction endeavors.