基于语料库的文学翻译语言微观特征考察——以译自形动词短语的翻译语言为例

A Corpus⁃based Study on Micro⁃linguistic Features of Literary Translation-Taking Translations of Participle Phrases as an Example

形动词是俄语文学语篇中的典型语言现象,是俄汉互译过程中的“语言真空项”。本文以8个契诃夫小说源文本和3个汉译本为语料,从源语中形动词的整体分布特征与对译形式、译文句子结构、词汇语法手段、语义层次4个角度,对译自形动词短语的翻译语言特征进行多层面的描写与分析。研究表明,形动词短语在3个汉译本中总体呈现“前置定语化”与“独立谓语化”趋势,前者在语义结构层面更忠实于源语,后者则更接近译入语的使用规范。对3个汉译本进行独立考察后发现,3位译者对形动词的翻译策略较为趋同,均努力尝试在源语与译入语之间找到平衡。

Participles are typical linguistic phenomena in Russian literary texts and represent a“language vacuum item”in the Russian⁃Chinese translation process.This paper,using Chekhov's original novels and their three Chinese translations as corpus,describes and analyzes the linguistic features of participle phrase translation from four perspectives:the overall distribution characteristics and translation forms of participles in the source language,sentence structure,lexical grammar,and semantic level of the target language.The research shows that participle phrase translations in the three versions generally exhibit two trends:“pre⁃attribution”and“independent predication”.The former is more faithful to the original text at the semantic structure level,while the latter is closer to the target language norms.Through independent examination of the three translations,it is found that the three translators'strategies for participle phrase translation are relatively similar,all striving to find a balance between the source and target languages.