后人类主义视域下黑人女性主体的“生成”研究

On the Becoming Black Women from the Perspective of Posthumanism

随着后人类主义思潮的崛起,后人类主义话语已成为批评理论的新前沿,为解读经典文学作品提供了新的理论视角。文章以当代哲学家德勒兹的“生成”理论和布拉伊多蒂的后人类主体性理论为参照,从后人类视角解读非裔美国女作家托尼·莫里森小说《恩惠》中黑人女性的主体“生成”,尝试阐明黑人女性主体的“生成”是一种后人类主体性的“生成”。小说中的黑人女性在“流变”的时间中建构主体,并在“游牧”的过程中呈现出后人类的关系性身份表征。文章用新时期的后人类话语对经典文学作品做出新的解读,以期拓宽非裔女性文学作品的批评视域。

With the rise of posthumanism,posthuman discourses have become the new frontier in critical theory,providing a new theoretical perspective for interpreting classic literary works.With a theoretical reference to Deleuze's“becoming”theory and Braidotti's“posthuman”theory,this paper analyzes the becoming subject of black women in African American female writer Toni Morrison's novel A Mercy through the posthumanist lens and attempts to argue that the becoming subject of black women is the becoming posthuman subject.The black women in the novel construct their subjectivity in the non⁃linear temporality and present the posthuman relational identity in the nomadic act.This paper presents a new interpretation of the classic literary work with the new era's posthuman discourse,so as to broaden the critical horizon of African American women's literary works.