油菜花期蜂蜜主要品质指标检测分析

The Analysis and Detection for Main Quality Indexes of Rape Honey Between Initial flowering Stage and full-blooming Stage

为探究油菜初花期与盛花期蜂蜜间的成分差异,本研究以云南省罗平县油菜意蜂蜂蜜为研究对象,对油菜初花期蜂蜜与盛花期蜂蜜的理化指标(水分、pH值、电导率、蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖、淀粉酶值、羟甲基糠醛、碳-4植物糖)进行测定及对比研究。结果显示,初花期油菜蜂蜜水分含量(24.3%)相对较高,盛花期油菜蜂蜜水分含量(23.4%)达到二级蜂蜜品质要求;初花期和盛花期蜂蜜样品的果糖和葡萄糖总和分别为71.8%和73.9%,优于国际规定;淀粉酶值分别为21.7[mL/(g·h)]和15.9[mL/(g·h)],超过标准要求的淀粉酶值≥8[mL/(g·h)]的规定;盛花期蜂蜜未检出羟甲基糠醛,初花期蜂蜜羟甲基糠醛含量为1.85mg/kg,远低于欧洲质量法规要求标准(≤40 mg/kg);蜂蜜样品虽均未检出蔗糖,但初花期油菜蜂蜜碳-4植物糖含量为15.66%,大于国家标准7%,推测油菜初花期蜂蜜中含有白糖残留。研究结果可为油菜花期生产优质蜂蜜提供参考。

To investigate the compositional disparities between honey derived from the early flowering stage and peak flowering stage of rape,the rape honey were collected from Apis mellifera L.in Luoping County of Yunnan Province,China.The physical and chemical indicator including moisture content,pH,conductivity,sucrose,fructose and glucose,amylase value,5-Hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF),C-4 plant sugar were measured and compared.The results showed that water content of rape honey(24.3%)was relatively high in the early flowering stage.Water content of rape honey(23.4%)was up to the requirement of secondary honey quality.The total fructose and glucose of honey samples from initial flowering and full-blossom period were respectively 71.8%and 73.9%,which was better than the international regulations.The amylase values were 21.7[mL/(g·h)]and 15.9[mL/(g·h)],respectively,exceeding the standard requirement of amylase value≥8[mL/(g·h)].The HMF was not detected in honey at the full-blooming stage.The HMF of honey from the early flowering stage was 1.85 mg/kg,which is far lower than the standard required by European quality regulations(≤40 mg/kg).Although no sucrose was detected in honey samples,the content of C-4 plant sugar in rape honey at the initial flowering stage was 15.66%,which was higher than the national standard of 7%.It indicated that there was residual sugar in rape honey at the initial flowering stage.The results can provide reference for the production of high quality honey during flowering period of rape.