儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征、过敏性鼻炎和生物节律之间的相关性描述

Description of the Correlation between Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome,Allergic Rhinitis and Circadian Rhythms in Children

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征表现为频繁的睡眠-觉醒周期和夜间间歇性缺氧,两者可通过直接和间接扰乱生物节律。紊乱的生物节律和人体多种疾病发生发展有关,其中包括过敏性鼻炎。过敏性鼻炎主要临床特点为鼻塞、喷嚏、流涕、鼻痒,其机制表现为大量Th2细胞活化和炎症介质的释放。鼻塞及炎症介质也是导致阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征和生物节律紊乱的因素之一,这提示阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征、过敏性鼻炎和生物节律之间可能存在一定内在联系。但目前三者相关性阐述较少,尤其是在儿童中,故本文以此为切入点综述儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征、过敏性鼻炎和生物节律之间的相关性。

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is characterized by frequent sleep-wake cycles and intermittent nocturnal hypoxia,both of which can disrupt circadian rhythm directly and indirectly.Disturbed circadian rhythm are associated with the development of a variety of diseases in the body,including allergic rhinitis.Allergic rhinitis is characterized by nasal congestion,sneezing,runny nose,and nasal itching,and its mechanism is characterized by the release of large amounts of Th2 inflammatory factors and inflammatory mediators.Nasal congestion and inflammatory mediators are also one of the factors leading to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and dysfunctional circadian rhythm,which suggests that there may be an intrinsic link between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,allergic rhinitis and circadian rhythm.However,the correlation between the three is rarely described,especially in children,so this article takes this as an entry point to review the correlation between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,allergic rhinitis and circadian rhythm in children.