瘤内微生物与肿瘤免疫治疗的研究进展

Research progress on intratumoral microbiota and cancer immunotherapy

随着对肿瘤免疫应答机制的深入探索,研究揭示了肿瘤微环境内微生物群落对于肿瘤进展及其与宿主免疫系统相互作用的重要性。这些位于肿瘤内部的微生物能够对肿瘤微环境施加影响,从而促进或抑制肿瘤的生长与发展。尽管如此,肿瘤内微生物群对于肿瘤免疫治疗效应的具体作用仍有待深入研究。对肿瘤特异性微生物群特征及其生物学功能的深入了解,预示着针对肿瘤治疗可能迎来新的革命。本文综述了肿瘤内微生物的发现和来源,讨论了肿瘤组织的特征及瘤内微生物的组成;同时简要回顾肿瘤免疫治疗的历史发展,特别是聚焦于瘤内微生物对肿瘤免疫治疗影响的研究进展,并探讨了结合瘤内微生物靶向疗法与免疫治疗可能提升免疫疗效、抑制肿瘤发展并提高治愈率的新兴策略并展望了该策略作为提高治疗成效和前景的新方向。

As research delves deeper into the mechanisms of tumor immune responses,studies reveal the importance of microbial communities within the tumor microenvironment in tumor progression and their interactions with the host immune system.Intratumoral microbiota could influence the tumor microenvironment,thereby promoting or inhibiting tumor growth and development.Despite this importance,the specific role of intratumoral microbiota impacting cancer immunotherapeutic efficacy remains largely unexplored.A deeper understanding of the characteristics and biological functions of tumor-specific microbiota heralds a potential revolutionary innovation in cancer treatment.In this review,we introduce the discovery and sources of intratumoral microbiota,also addressing its composition,and discuss tumor tissue characteristics.Moreover,we briefly review the history of cancer immunotherapy development with a particular focus on the research progress concerning the impact of intratumoral microbiota on cancer immunotherapy.Furthermore,we explore emerging strategies that combine targeting intratumoral microbiota with immunotherapy to enhance immune efficacy,inhibit tumor progression,and improve cure rates,anticipating that this approach could represent a new direction for enhancing treatment outcomes and prospects.