纳米硒在缓解动物热应激中的研究进展

Research Progress of Selenium Nanoparticles in Alleviating Animal Heat Stress

动物受到高温刺激,身体正常的热平衡被破坏,容易发生热应激,轻则表现为生产性能、免疫力和抗病力下降,重则引起急性死亡,给动物养殖业造成十分严重的损失。硒是动物机体发挥正常生命活动所必需的微量元素,具有抗氧化、抗癌、抑菌、抗寄生虫、抗病毒等功能。纳米硒(selenium nanoparticles,SeNPs)相较于其他形式的硒具有更低毒性和更高生物学活性,更易被吸收,在缓解动物热应激方面能发挥更好的作用。文章就热应激对动物机体所造成的影响及SeNPs的生物学功能、相关的合成技术、在动物热应激中的应用进行综述,为SeNPs在缓解动物热应激中的应用提供参考。

When animals are exposed to high temperatures,their normal thermoregulation is disrupted,resulting in the occurrence of heat stress.This condition manifests itself in various symptoms such as decreased feed intake,reduced productive performance,weakened immune function,and decreased disease resistance.In severe cases,it can even lead to acute mortality,causing significant losses in the animal farming industry.Selenium,a trace element essential for normal physiological activities in animal organisms,possesses a range of functions including antioxidation,anticancer properties,antimicrobial activity,antiparasitic effects,and antiviral capabilities.In comparison to other forms of selenium,selenium nanoparticles(SeNPs)exhibit lower toxicity,higher biological activity,and better absorption,making them more effective in alleviating heat stress in animals.This article provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of heat stress on animal organisms,the biological functions of SeNPs,relevant synthesis techniques,and their applications in mitigating heat stress in animals.It serves as a reference for future research on the use of SeNPs in alleviating heat stress in animals.