不同生长时期构树叶营养成分动态变化的研究

Study on The Dynamic Changes of Nutrient Composition in Broussonetia papyrifera Leaves at Different Growth Stages

研究旨在探讨不同生长时期构树叶中常规营养成分和有效能值的动态变化情况。从2021年4月19日开始,根据构树的生长周期采摘陕西杨凌地区无病虫害、植株正常的构树叶片,每3周采集1次,直到10月25日为止,共采集10组,每组设置3个重复,样品收集完成后进行营养成分测定。结果显示:5月10—31日采集的构树叶中粗蛋白、总脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸、氨基酸、P、S、K含量及有效能值、相对饲用价值、每吨饲料产奶量、相对饲草品质与其他生长时期相比存在显著升高的情况(P<0.05);7月12日—9月13日采集的构树叶中木质素含量和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量与其他生长阶段相比存在显著升高的情况(P<0.05);10月4—25日采集的构树叶中中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、水溶性碳水化合物、Ca、Mg含量与其他生长阶段相比存在显著升高的情况(P<0.05)。结果表明,构树叶作为一种非常规优质蛋白质饲料,在每年的5月10—31日进行采摘利用,营养价值较高。

The purpose of this paper was to study the dynamic changes of conventional nutrients and available energy in the Broussonetia papyrifera leaves at different growth stages.According to the growth cycle of conformation trees in Yangling area of Shaanxi Province,Broussonetia papyrifera leaves with no pests and diseases and normal plants were picked for one year.Starting from April 19th,tree leaf collection was conducted every three weeks,with a total of 10 groups until October 25th.Nutrient composition was determined after sample collection.The results showed that:the crude protein,total fatty acid,unsaturated fatty acid,amino acid,P,S,K,available energy value,relative feeding value,milk yield per ton of feed and relative forage quality from May 10th to May 31th collected Broussonetia papyrifera leaves were significantly higher than other growth stages(P<0.05);the lignin and ADF of collected Broussonetia papyrifera leaves in the middle growth stage were significantly higher than other growth stages(P<0.05);the crude fat,NDF,water-soluble carbohydrate,Ca and Mg of collected Broussonetia papyrifera leaves in late growth stage were significantly higher than other growth stages(P<0.05).According to the results of this experiment,as a high-quality protein feed,the Broussonetia papyrifera leaves can be harvested from May 10th to May 31th as feed materials for most animals.