不一样的嗅觉景观——消极气味植物对人体健康及情绪反馈研究

A Different Smellscape:A Study Based on Human Health and Emotional Feedback of Negative Odorous Plants

芳香植物挥发性成分对人体健康和心理情绪有重要影响,但是园林绿化中普遍存在一些消极气味植物,对人体情绪及身心健康的影响不是特别友好。以郑州应用普遍的草本植物紫娇花为例,采用动态顶空套袋法对常见芳香植物紫娇花的挥发物进行采集,并结合气相色谱—嗅闻—质谱联用技术鉴定分析控制其异香的化合物成分。采用与情绪有较大关系的脑电波、皮肤电导反应、心率作为生理指标,采用焦虑特质量表STAI、气味强度和愉悦度评定表得分作为心理指标。紫娇花共收集到12种主要成分,其中含量最大的是水芹烯,浓度为98.7 mL/m3。嗅闻紫娇花后θ波、α波、SMR波和M-β波的变化都具有显著性意义,心率与皮电指标呈上升趋势。结果表明消极气味植物的气味成分在一定程度上提升了负性情绪对心境状态的影响,导致人出现紧张、慌乱和抑郁的情绪,使得精力下降。

The volatile components of aromatic plants have an important impact on human health and mental emotions.However,some negative odorous plants with not particularly friendly smells are commonly found in landscaping,aiming to explore the effects of odorant plants on human emotions and physical and mental health,Taking Tulbaghia violacea,a commonly used herb in Zhengzhou,as an example,the volatiles of Tulbaghia violacea,a common aromatic plant,were collected by the dynamic headspace bagging method,and analyzed to control its odor by identifying and analyzing its odorant compounds in combination with Gas chromatography-Olfactometry-Mass Spectrometry(GC-O-MS).GC-O-MS analyzed the composition of the compounds controlling the aroma.Brain waves,skin conductance response,and heart rate,which have a strong relationship with mood,were used as physiological indicators,and the anxiety-specific scale STAI,odor intensity,and pleasure rating scale scores were used as psychological indicators.A total of 12 main components were collected from the Tulbaghia violacea,and the largest content was hydrocoele,with a concentration of 98.7 mL/m'.Changes in theta,alpha,SMR,and M-βwaves after sniffing the Tulbaghia violacea were significant,and the heart rate and skin conductance indexes showed an upward trend.The odor components of the odorous plants elevated the effect of negative emotions on the state of mind to a certain extent,leading to nervousness,panic and depression,decreasing energy.