原子钟时域频率稳定度评估方法

Evaluation method of atomic clock in time domain stability

在对原子钟基本运行原理阐述的基础上,针对当前原子钟时域频率稳定度评估方法研究不全面、不具体的问题,作全面、系统的研究,包括阿伦方差、重叠阿伦方差、修正阿伦方差、时间方差、哈达玛方差、重叠哈达玛方差、总方差和理论方差等8种计算评估类型,给出了标准公式,描述了适用范围,总结了特点规律。重点利用上述8种方法对某实验室的原子钟进行实例计算和验证,根据得到的不同类型原子钟的稳定度评估结果,分析了每种方法的评估效果,归纳了不同评估方法的应用特点、规律及适用范围,得到了哈达玛方差可明显去除氢钟频率漂移的影响,修正阿伦方差能更好区分调相白噪声和调相闪烁噪声类型等具体结论。

Based on explaining the basic operating principles of atomic clocks,a comprehensive and systematic study was conducted to address the current problems of incomplete and non-specific research on time-domain frequency stability evaluation methods for atomic clocks,including Allan variance,overlapping Allan variance,modified Allan variance,time variance,Hadamard variance,overlapping Hadamard variance,total variance and theoretical variance#1.And eight evaluation methods were provided with standard formulas,describing the scope of application and summarizing the characteristics and rules.These eight methods were mainly used for example calculation and verification of an atomic clock in a certain laboratory.Based on the stability evaluation results of different types of atomic clocks,the evaluation effects of each method were analyzed,and the application characteristics,rules,and scopes of different evaluation methods were summarized.It was concluded that the Hadamard variance could obviously remove the influence of hydrogen clock frequency drift,and the modified Allan variance could better distinguish types of between phase-modulated white noise and phase-modulated flicker noise.