民办教育经费投入的动力因素与空间溢出效应

Driving Factors and Spatial Spillover Effects of Funding for Private Education

民办教育在经费投入不足的困境中难以高质量发展,解决该问题首先要识别民办教育经费投入的动力之源。本文采用动态空间面板模型综合考虑时间滞后效应、空间滞后效应、时空滞后效应,分析了政府、经济、人口等因素对民办教育经费投入的影响。结果表明:2007—2020年中国省级民办教育经费投入呈现了较强的空间正相关性,该相关性主要是基于地理位置和距离所形成的,且越来越不具有经济发展差异上的空间关联特征;民办教育经费投入规模具有很强的路径依赖特征,本年的投入规模受到上一年的显著正向影响;政府对民办教育的财政支持力度、政府的教育支出偏好等政府因素和总人口规模、人口密度等人口因素是影响民办教育经费投入规模的关键因素,这些关键因素会对周边地区产生同向的短期外溢作用和长期外溢作用。

Private education struggles to achieve high-quality development due to the dilemma of insufficient funding.To address this issue,it is crucial to first identify the driving forces behind the funding for private education.This paper adopts Dynamic Spatial Panel Model(DSPM)to analyze the impact of factors such as government,economy and population on private education funding by considering time-lagged effect,space-lagged effect and space-time-lagged effect simultaneously.The results show that:(1)From 2007 to 2020,the funding for private education of 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in China showed a strong spatial positive correlation,which was mainly based on geographical location and distance rather than economic development level.(2)The funding scale of a particular year was significantly positively influenced by the previous year,showing a strong path-dependent characteristic.(3)Government factors such as governmental financial support for private education and governmental preference for educational expenditure,and population factors such as total population scale and population density are the key factors affecting the funding scale for private education.These key factors will have both short-term and long-term spillover effects on neighboring regions,which are consistent with the influence on the local region.