生物识别信息的刑法分级保护体系研究

Research on the Criminal Law Hierarchical Protection System of Biometric Information

生物识别技术的广泛应用带来生物识别信息泄露等问题,且生物识别领域缺乏有效监管和规制,使得生物数据安全存在严重问题。生物识别信息刑法保护面临着法律内涵和权属界定不明晰、未涵盖全生命周期、刑法规制中未体现特殊保护等诸多困境。由于新技术的发展应用可能为生物识别信息犯罪提供条件,法律制度规范缺失为生物识别信息犯罪提供契机,对数据价值的追求为生物识别信息犯罪提供动机等,因而侵犯生物识别信息的犯罪原因亦多种多样。本文从刑法教义学角度对其进行法益甄别、标准厘定,再从具体展开、完善路径两个层次出发,探讨生物识别信息的刑法分级保护的可能性。

The wide application of biometric identification technology has brought about problems such as biometric information leakage,and the lack of effective supervision and regulation in the field of biometric identification has caused serious problems in the security of biometric data.The criminal law protection of biometric information is faced with many difficulties,such as unclear legal connotation and ownership definition,not covering the whole life cycle,and not reflecting special protection in criminal law regulation.Because the development and application of new technologies may provide conditions for the crime of biometric information,the lack of legal system norms provides an opportunity for the crime of biometric information,and the pursuit of data value provides motivation for the crime of biometric information,the reasons for the crime of infringing biometric information are also diverse.From the perspective of criminal law dogmatics,this paper identifies the legal interests and determines the standards,and then discusses the possibility of criminal law classification protection of biometric information from the two levels of specific development and improvement path.