2021—2023年贵港市HIV-1感染者的流行特征和检测结果分析

Epidemiological characteristics and detection results of HIV-1 infected people in Guigang City from 2021 to 2023

目的分析2021—2023年贵港市人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)抗体阳性者的免疫蛋白印迹试验(WB)带型特征,探讨免疫状况及相关指标在获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)发展中的作用。方法对2021—2023年1719份经贵港市AIDS确证实验室确证为HIV-1抗体阳性且在治疗前开展了CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞检测的样本,用SPSS 25.0分析人口学特征和实验室相关检测结果。结果1719例HIV-1抗体阳性以男性、40岁以上、已婚、农民、文化程度较低、医疗机构临床筛查为主;CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数与年龄呈负相关,与WB条带数呈正相关(P<0.05)。带型p55、p39、p17检出阳性率在不同免疫程度和病程间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论农民仍然是贵港市AIDS宣教、检测工作的重点人群,p55、p39和p17可作为疾病发展和免疫情况的一个潜在判别依据。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of Western blot(WB)test bands of human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1)antibody positive people in Guigang city from 2021 to 2023,and investigate the role of immune status and related indicators in the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS).Methods Before treatment,1719 HIV-1 antibody positive samples confirmed by Guigang AIDS Confirmatory Laboratory from 2021 to 2023 were tested for CD4^(+)T lymphocytes,and the demographic characteristics and laboratory related test results were analyzed by SPSS 25.0.Results A total of 1719 cases of HIV-1 antibody positive were male,over 40 years old,married,peasant,with low education level,and were mainly screened by medical institutions.CD4^(+)T lymphocytes count was negatively correlated with age and positively correlated with WB band number,all with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in different immune degrees and course of disease in the positive rates of banding p55,p39 and p17(P<0.05).Conclusion Farmers are still the key population in AIDS education and testing in Guigang city,and p55,p39 and p17 can be used as a potential basis for judging the disease development and immunity condition.