环氧合酶-2、前列腺素E2在前列腺癌组织和细胞中的表达及与细胞生物学行为的关系

Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 in prostate cancer tissues and cells and their relationship with cell biological behavior

目的探究环氧合酶-2(COX-2)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)在前列腺癌组织、PC-3细胞中的表达及与PC-3细胞生物学行为的关系。方法选取2021年1月至2023年1月在长江航运总医院进行手术切除治疗的81例前列腺癌患者作为研究对象,收集其癌组织及癌旁组织。采用免疫组织化学染色法检测组织标本COX-2、PGE2蛋白阳性表达;分析癌组织COX-2、PGE2蛋白表达与临床病理特征的关系。体外培养前列腺癌PC-3细胞和正常前列腺上皮细胞RWPE-1,将PC-3细胞随机分为PC-3组、siRNA-NC组、siRNA-COX-2组,RWPE-1细胞常规培养设为RWPE-1组。检测PC-3、RWPE-1细胞COX-2 mRNA、PGE2水平和PC-3细胞活力、凋亡情况、迁移数目。结果与癌旁组织比较,前列腺癌组织中COX-2、PGE2蛋白阳性表达率显著升高(P<0.05);有淋巴结转移、TNMⅢ期、前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)≥10 ng/mL患者前列腺癌组织中COX-2、PGE2蛋白阳性比例分别高于无淋巴结转移、TNMⅠ~Ⅱ期、PSA<10 ng/mL患者(P<0.05);与RWPE-1组比较,PC-3组PC-3细胞COX-2 mRNA、PGE2水平显著升高(P<0.05);与PC-3组、siRNA-NC组比较,siRNA-COX-2组PC-3细胞COX-2 mRNA、PGE2水平、细胞活力、迁移数目显著降低,凋亡数目显著升高(P<0.05)。结论前列腺癌组织和PC-3细胞中COX-2、PGE2呈高表达,沉默COX-2表达可降低PGE2水平从而抑制前列腺癌PC-3细胞活力和迁移能力,促进PC-3细胞凋亡。

Objective To explore the expression of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)in prostate cancer tissues and PC-3 cells and their relationship with the biological behavior of PC-3 cells.Methods A total of 81 prostate cancer patients who underwent surgical resection in Changjiang Shipping General Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as study objects.The cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of them were collected.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the positive expression of COX-2 and PGE2 proteins in tissue samples;the relationship between COX-2 and PGE2 protein expression in cancer tissue and clinical pathological characteristics were analyzed.Prostate cancer PC-3 cells and normal prostate epithelial cells RWPE-1 were cultured in vitro.PC-3 cells were randomly divided into:PC-3 group,siRNA-NC group,siRNA-COX-2 group;RWPE-1 cells were routinely cultured as RWPE-1 group.The levels of COX-2 mRNA and PGE2 in PC-3 and RWPE-1 cells were detected,as well as the activity,apoptosis condition and migration number of PC-3 cells.Results Compared with adjacent tissues,the positive expression rates of COX-2 and PGE2 proteins in cancer tissues are significantly increased(P<0.05);the positive proportions of COX-2 and PGE2 protein in prostate cancer tissues of patients with lymph node metastasis,TNM stageⅢand prostate specific antigen(PSA)≥10 ng/mL were higher than those of patients with no lymph node metastasis,TNM stageⅠ-Ⅱand PSA<10 ng/mL,respectively(P<0.05);compared with RWPE-1 group,COX-2 mRNA and PGE2 levels of PC-3 cells in PC-3 group were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with PC-3 group and siRNA-NC group,the COX-2 mRNA,PGE2 level,cell viability and migration number of PC-3 cells in siRNA-COX-2 group were significantly decreased,while the apoptosis number was significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusions COX-2 and PGE2 are highly expressed in prostate cancer tissues and PC-3 cells,silencing COX-2 expression can reduce PGE2 level,inhibit the viability and migration ability of PC-3 cells,and promote the apoptosis of PC-3 cells.