高职院校大学生性行为及艾滋病知识水平调查

Survey on sexual behavior and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome knowledge level of college students in vocational colleges

目的了解高职院校青年学生性行为及预防艾滋病知识水平,为制定预防艾滋病策略、干预措施及效果评价提供依据。方法采取分层随机整群抽样方法抽取医药类、师范类、综合类高职院校各一所,由抽取班级的1466名学生现场进行纸质问卷填答。结果高职院校青年学生性行为发生率为4.91%,安全套使用率为61.11%;预防艾滋病核心知识总知晓率为89.56%,不同类型高职院校知晓率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);学生在校内外接受过预防艾滋病宣传服务的比例为84.31%;学生获得预防艾滋病知识的途径以学校教育占比最高,为80.08%,其次是移动手机和电脑网络,分别为69.65%、68.08%;学生艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)率为2.12%。结论高职院校大一、大二青年学生已有一定的安全套使用和VCT意识,预防艾滋病知识总知晓率低于国家要求的95%标准。针对存在的问题,应加强新时代学校预防艾滋病及健康教育工作,引导学生建立健康的婚恋观念,大力推广使用安全套,多措并举,不断提高大学生的健康水平。

Objective To understand the sexual behavior and knowledge level of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)prevention among vocational college students,and to provide a basis for formulating strategies,intervention measures,and effectiveness evaluation of AIDS prevention.Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was employed to select one medical,one normal,and one comprehensive vocational college.A total of 1,466 students from the selected classes completed paper questionnaires on-site.Results The incidence of sexual behavior among vocational college students was 4.91%,with a condom usage rate of 61.11%.The overall awareness rate of core AIDS prevention knowledge was 89.56%,with no statistically significant difference in awareness rates among different types of vocational colleges(P>0.05).The proportion of students who had received AIDS prevention propaganda and services both inside and outside of school was 84.31%.The primary source of students′AIDS prevention knowledge was school education,accounting for the highest proportion at 80.08%,followed by mobile phones and computer networks,which were 69.65%and 68.08%respectively.The rate of students undergoing voluntary counseling and testing(VCT)for AIDS was 2.12%.Conclusions Freshmen and sophomore students in vocational colleges have a certain level of awareness regarding condom usage and VCT.However,the overall awareness rate of AIDS prevention knowledge falls short of the national standard of 95%.In response to the existing issues,it is necessary to strengthen AIDS prevention and health education in schools in the new era,guide students to establish healthy concepts of love and marriage,promote the use of condoms,and continuously improve the health level of college students through multiple measures.