右单侧刺激电休克治疗对重性抑郁障碍的干预研究

An intervention study of right unilateral modified electroconvulsive therapy for major depressive disorder

目的探索右单侧刺激电休克治疗(right unilateral modified electroconvulsive therapy,RUL-MECT)对重性抑郁障碍(major depressive disorder,MDD)患者的疗效及安全性。方法采用随机双盲对照研究设计。纳入70例MDD患者,随机分为研究组、对照组,每组35例,研究组进行基于年龄法的RUL-MECT,对照组进行双侧颞叶刺激MECT,每组分别进行8次治疗。采用17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(17-item Hamilton depression scale,HAMD-17)、成套认知功能测验(MATRICS consensus cognitive battery,MCCB)、定向力测验(orientation recovery tests,ORT)对被试抑郁症状和认知功能进行评估,记录干预过程中患者出现的不良反应。结果干预前研究组与对照组HAMD-17得分(32.89±5.68 vs.33.54±4.78)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),经过8次干预,研究组HAMD-17得分为(6.83±4.68)分,对照组得分为(7.20±4.60)分,重复测量方差分析显示,时间效应有统计学意义(P<0.001),组间效应、交互作用无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MCCB得分上,连线测试、符号编码、语言记忆、空间广度、数字序列、迷宫测验、视觉记忆、情绪管理、持续操作时间主效应有统计学意义(P<0.001);语言记忆、数字序列、视觉记忆、言语流畅性、持续操作组间效应有统计学意义(P<0.05);语言记忆、持续操作交互作用具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预结束后定向力恢复时长研究组短于对照组[(508.57±104.48)s vs.(631.66±212.27)s],差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组间不良反应发生率(28.6%vs.40.0%)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论RUL-MECT与双侧刺激MECT相比,抗抑郁疗效相当,对认知功能改善及定向力恢复要优于双侧刺激组MECT。

Objective To explore the effect and safety of right unilateral modified electroconvulsive therapy(RUL-MECT)for major depressive disorder patients(MDD).Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 70 patients with MDD who were randomly divided into a study group and a control group.The study group underwent agebased RUL-MECT,while the control group underwent bitemporal MECT.The participants were evaluated using the 17-item Hamilton depression scale(HAMD-17),MATRICS consensus cognitive battery(MCCB)and orientation recovery tests(ORT).Any adverse reactions that occurred during each intervention process were recorded.Results Before treatment,there were no significant differences in the HAMD-17(32.89±5.68 vs.33.54±4.78)between the two groups(P>0.05).The HAMD-17 score of the intervention group was 6.83±4.68,while the control group was 7.20±4.60 after 8 interventions,repeated measures analysis of variance showed the time effect(P<0.001)was significant.The intergroup effect and interaction effect was not significant(P>0.05).In terms of MCCB scores,there were significant main effect(P<0.001)in connectivity tests,symbol coding,language memory,spatial breadth,number sequence,maze test,visual memory,emotional management and the duration of continuous operation.The intergroup effects of language memory,number sequence,visual memory,speech fluency,and continuous operation were significant(P<0.05).The interaction effect of language memory and continuous operation were significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,the recovery of orientation time was significantly shorter in the study group than that in the control group[(508.57±104.48)s vs.(631.66±212.27)s](P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions between two groups(28.6%vs.40.0%)has no significance(P>0.05).Conclusions Compared with bitemporal MECT,RUL-MECT has comparable efficacy in treating depressant and better performance in improving cognitive function and recovery of orientation.