15W@80K全气体轴承室温活塞脉管制冷机研发

Research and development of a 15W@80K full-gas-bearing room temperature piston pulse tube cryocooler

为了满足超大规格线列、面阵红外探测器及红外光学系统对大冷量、长寿命、低振动、紧凑化、高效率及轻型低温制冷机的需求,开展了15 W@80 K全气体轴承室温活塞脉管制冷机研发,采用Sage热力学软件进行了仿真分析,设计了首款基于全气体轴承支撑和室温活塞功回收技术的斯特林脉管制冷机,成功完成了工程样机研制并进行了性能测试。测试结果表明,散热流体温度20℃,制冷温度为80 K,制冷机在交流输入功率为320 W时,制冷量达到22 W,制冷效率达到6.875%;输入电功为397.9 W时,制冷量达到26.16 W,制冷效率为6.56%,冷量质量比(制冷量/质量)为3.1W/kg。散热流体温度20℃,制冷温度为60 K,制冷机在交流输入功率为360 W时,制冷量达到14 W,制冷效率为3.91%;制冷机在交流输入功率为400 W时,制冷量达到15.46 W,制冷效率为3.86%。验证了室温活塞调相技术的先进性,样机性能参数满足项目技术指标要求。

To meet the demands of large-scale line arrays,area array infrared detectors and infrared optical systems for large cooling capacity,long-life,low vibration,compact,high efficiency and lightweight cryocoolers,research of 15 W@ 80 K all-gas-bearing room temperature pulse tube cryocooler was conducted.The simulation analysis was conducted by Sage.The first Stirling pulse tube cryocooler based on all-gas bearing support and room temperature piston work recovery technology was designed.The engineering prototype was successfully developed and performnce tested.The test results show that at a heat transfer fluid temperature of 20 ℃ and a cooling temperature of 80 K,the cryocooler achieves a cooling capacity of 22 W and cooling efficiency of performance(COP) of 6.875% when the AC input power is 320 W.When input power is 397.9 W,the cooling capacity reaches 26.16 W andCOPis 6.56%.The cooling power-to-weight ratio(cooling capacity/mass)is 3.1 W/kg.When the heat transfer fluid temperature is 20 ℃ and the cooling temperature is 60 K,the cryocooler achieves a cooling capacity of 15.46 W andCOPof 3.86% at input power 400 W.The cryocooler achieves a cooling capacity of 15.46 W andCOPof 3.86%at input power 400 W.The advancedness of the room temperature piston phase adjustment technology is verified,and the performance parameters of the prototype cryocooler meet the technical requirements of the project.