汽车-摩托车碰撞事故中骑车人头部损伤仿真分析

Simulation analysis on motorcyclist's head injury in vehicle-motorcycle collision accident

首先利用交通事故模拟再现分析软件PC-Crash,对汽车与摩托车碰撞运动过程、摩托车驾车人碰撞后运动状态、头部伤害状况开展仿真试验研究,考察碰撞速度、碰撞角度等典型因素对摩托车驾车人头部损伤指标HIC的影响,总结出碰撞事故中摩托车驾驶者头部受到伤害的规律;其次,选取真实事故案例进行仿真再现分析,对采用的碰撞仿真方法用于汽车-摩托车事故模拟的可行性和准确性进行实例验证。结果表明,在碰撞角度较小、摩托车车速较低、轿车车速较高时,摩托车驾车人头部与轿车车身碰撞造成头骨骨折伤害的概率增大,且伤害风险随轿车车速增高而增大。可为摩托车与车辆碰撞机理和摩托车驾车人保护措施的进一步研究提供参考。

Firstly,using the traffic accident simulation and reproduction analysis software PC-Crash,simulation experiments were conducted to study the collision motion process between cars and motorcycles,the motion state of motorcyclist after collision,and the head injury status.The impact of typical factors such as collision speed and collision angle on the Head Injury Criterion(HIC)value of motorcyclist was examined,and the patterns of motorcycle driver head injury in motorcycle collision accidents were summarized.Secondly,real accident cases were selected for simulation and reconstruction analysis,and the feasibility and accuracy of the collision simulation method used in this article for simulating car motorcycle accidents were verified through examples.The results indicated that when the collision angle was small,the motorcycle speed was low,and the car speed was high,the probability of skull fracture injury caused by head to car body collision of motorcyclist increased,and the risk of injury increased with the increase of car speed.It provides a basis for further research on the collision mechanism between motorcycles and vehicles,as well as protective measures for motorcyclist.