低度近视青少年知觉眼位和注视稳定性的临床研究

Clinical study of perceptual eye position and fixation stability in adolescents with low myopia

目的:检测并比较屈光正常青少年和低度近视青少年的知觉眼位和注视稳定性,研究低度近视青少年的知觉眼位和注视稳定性的特点。方法:横断面研究,随机选取2023-04/12在我院眼科门诊就诊的青少年132例264眼作为研究对象,根据屈光状态分为正常对照组45例90眼、单纯低度近视组45例90眼及低度近视伴屈光参差组42例84眼,对所有研究对象进行知觉眼位和注视稳定性检查。结果:与正常对照组比较,单纯低度近视组和低度近视伴屈光参差组的静、动态水平知觉眼位偏移值明显升高(P<0.05),与单纯低度近视组相比,低度近视伴屈光参差组的静、动态水平知觉眼位偏移值明显升高(P<0.05),三组研究对象的静、动态垂直知觉眼位偏移值无差异(P>0.05);与正常对照组比较,单纯低度近视组和低度近视伴屈光参差组的水平、垂直注视稳定性均明显变差(均P<0.01),而单纯低度近视组与低度近视伴屈光参差组无差异(P>0.05)。结论:与屈光正常青少年相比,即使在最佳矫正视力下,低度近视青少年的知觉眼位和注视稳定性功能也存在异常。屈光参差的发生会导致水平知觉眼位偏移程度加重。

AIM:To test and compare the perceptual eye position and fixation stability of adolescents with emmetropia and adolescents with low myopia,investigating the characteristics of the perceptual eye position and fixation stability of adolescents with low myopia.METHODS:Cross-sectional study.A total of 132 adolescents(264 eyes)who visited in the ophthalmology clinic of our hospital from April to December 2023 were randomly selected as the research subjects.Participants were categorized into normal control group(n=45,90 eyes),simple low myopia group(n=45,90 eyes)and low myopia with anisometropia group(n=42,84 eyes)according to their refractive status and were underwent assessments for perceptual eye position and fixation stability.RESULTS:Compared with the normal control group,the static and dynamic horizontal perceptual eye position deviation of the simple low myopia group and the low myopia with anisometropia group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the simple low myopia group,the static and dynamic horizontal perceptual eye position deviation of the low myopia with anisometropia group were significantly increased(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in static and dynamic vertical perceptual eye position deviation among the three groups(P>0.05);compared with the normal control group,the horizontal and vertical fixation stability of the simple low myopia group and the low myopia with anisometropia group were significantly worse(all P<0.01),but there was no differences in the simple low myopia group and the low myopia with anisometropia group(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Abnormalities are observed in perceptual eye position and fixation stability function in adolescents with low myopia compared with those adolescents with emmetropia,even at best corrected visual acuity.The occurrence of anisometropia could lead to an increased degree of horizontal perceptual eye position displacement.