观赏竹引种栽培的适应性及生长特征

Adaptability and growth characteristics of ornamental bamboo species introduced for cultivation

为探究观赏竹引种栽培的适应性和生长性状,本试验采用定点跟踪监测方法,调查了香竹、圣音竹和花秆早竹等8种观赏竹的生长表现及土壤养分状况。结果表明,金明竹,黄秆绿槽白夹竹和金丝毛竹引种栽植成活率为100%,花秆早竹,圣音竹和金黄白夹竹的引种栽植成活率在80%~90%,显示出较好的生态适应性。出笋最早的是圣音竹,在3月中下旬;3—4月出笋的有花秆早竹、金丝毛竹、厚壁毛竹、黄秆绿槽白夹竹和金黄白夹竹;5月出笋有金明竹;香竹最晚,为6月下旬。母竹萌发新竹的分生能力,在不同竹种之间存在差异;土壤理化性质在一定程度上影响了竹子地径、秆高增长量。研究结果为竹种选优,以及栽培管理提供参考。

In order to explore the adaptability and growth characteristics of introduced and cultivated ornamental bamboo,a fixed-point tracking monitoring method was used to investigate the growth performance and soil nutrient status of 8 varieties of ornamental bamboo such as Chimonocalamus delicatus,Phyllostachys edulis f.tubaeformis in this experiment.The results showed that the survival rate of the introduction and planting of P.bambusoides f.castilonis,P.nidularia f.speciosa,and P.heterocycla cv.Gracilis was 100%,while the survival rate of the introduction and planting of P.praecox,P.edulis f.tubaeformis,and P.nidularia f.sulfurea was between 80%and 90%,demonstrating good ecological adaptability.The earliest to shoot was P.edulis f.tubaeformis,which shoots in mid to late March.From March to April,there were P.praecox,P.heterocycla cv.Gracilis,P.edulis f.pachyloen,P.nidularia f.speciosa,and P.nidularia f.sulfurea.In May,there was P.bambusoides f.castilonis,and C.delicatus shoots the latest,in late June.The ability of mother bamboo to germinate into new shoots varies among different bamboo species.The physical and chemical properties of soil to some extent affect the growth of bamboo diameter and stem height.The research results provide a reference for the selection and early cultivation management of bamboo species.