强镇改革绩效差异的类型学分析——基于多案例的比较研究

Typological Analysis on the Performance of Reform of Power Expansion in Strong Towns:A Comparative Study Based on Multiple Cases

强镇改革实践已逾二十年,其总体效果如何,各地差异如何,有哪些类型?基于政府权能理论,可从镇级政府权力和能力两个维度构建强镇改革绩效的四种类型:耦合能效型、融合求变型、失衡变通型和失衡负能型。结合多案例比较分析发现:耦合能效型和融合求变型绩效较为明显,而失衡变通型和失衡负能型绩效亟待提升。其中,耦合能效型下,镇级政府权能作用发挥最佳,失衡负能型因超负荷运转导致镇级政府权能难以发挥甚至起负面作用。四种绩效类型表现出不同特征、效益、策略与向度,彼此之间可能出现积极或消极转化。为此,深化强镇改革,应分类处理好镇级政府权能结构关系,推进权能动态耦合,助力镇级治理效能提升和地方治理绩效优化。

The reform of power expansion in strong towns has been implemented for more than twenty years,but the overall effect,local differences and types of performance of the reform need to be further explored.Based on the theory of governability,the study constructs four ideal types of performance of the reform from the dimensions of“power”and“ability”of town-level government,including the coupled type,the change-seeking type,the flexibility type and the overloaded type.A comparative analysis of a number of cases has found it that the coupled type and the change-seeking type are obvious,while the flexibility type and the overloaded type need to be improved urgently.Among them,the town-level governability of the coupled type functions best,and that of the overloaded type is difficult to function well and even plays a negative role because of overload operation.The four types of performance show different characteristics,benefits,strategies and development direction,and may be positively or negatively transformed with each other.Therefore,we should deal with the relationship between the power and ability of town-level governments to deepen the reform of power expansion in strong towns.By promoting the dynamic coupling of government power and ability,the governability can be brought into play to help transform the performance into a positive one.