近代中国教育惩戒治理的实践及启示——以“全国儿童年”废止体罚运动为例

The Practice and Enlightenment of Educational Disciplinary Governance in Modern China—Taking the Campaign to Abolish Corporal Punishment in the “National Children’s Year” as an Example

儿童体罚一直是教育领域的难题。20世纪30年代的“儿童年”废止体罚运动是近代中国教育惩戒治理方面的实践。该运动旨在废止学校教育中的体罚,保障儿童权益,并推动教育体制的现代化。尽管废止体罚运动有着积极初衷和努力,但由于多种限制因素,未能完全实现目标。这场运动不仅反映出运动式治理在短时间内取得明显成效,但难以解决问题的根本性;同时也揭示了教育观念尤其是教育实践的改进是一个复杂而长期的过程,需要适宜的社会环境,更需要学校、家庭与全社会的协同努力来实现真正的变革。

Child corporal punishment has always been a difficult problem in the field of education.The campaign to abolish corporal punishment during the“Children’s Year”in the 1930s was a practice in the governance of educational discipline in modern China.The campaign aims to abolish corporal punishment in schools,protect children’s rights and promote the modernization of the education system.Despite the positive intentions and efforts of the campaign to abolish corporal punishment,due to a variety of constraints,the goal has not been fully achieved.This campaign reflects that the campaign governance has achieved obvious results in a short period of time,but it is difficult to solve the fundamental problem.At the same time,it also reveals that the improvement of educational concept,especially educational practice,is a complex and long-term process,which needs a suitable social environment,and also needs the concerted efforts of schools,families and the whole society to achieve real change.