由八大山人的矛盾情感论其绘画表现

Analyzing Bada Shanren's Contradictory Emotions and Their Expression in His Paintings

据文献记载,八大山人人生中曾有过两次“狂癫”的异常行为,对此学界持有“真狂”与“佯疯”两种见解,通过对历史的考辨,八大的行为既非“真狂”,也非“佯疯”,而是其人生矛盾情感的一种外在反映,八大内心矛盾情感的形成正是源于“贵族意识”与“遗民失落”“出世状态”与“入世心态”之间的冲突所产生的。八大的矛盾情感对其绘画创作产生着深刻的影响,其画面章法布局的险势、动物神情的夸张与无奈以及笔墨奔放的恣意表达都是画家矛盾情感的外在显现,可以说,八大内心的矛盾情感是促使其绘画形成个性化样态的重要影响因素。

According to historical records,Bada Shanren exhibited two instances of"madness"during his lifetime.Scholars hold two views on this behavior:"genuine madness"and"feigned insanity."Through historical investigation,it becomes clear that Bada's behavior was neither genuine madness nor feigned insanity,but rather an external manifestation of his internal contradictory emotions.These emotions arose from the conflict between his"aristocratic consciousness"and"remnant feelings of loss,"as well as between his"reclusive state"and"worldly mentality."These contradictory emotions had a profound impact on his painting.The perilous compositions,the exaggerated and helpless expressions of animals,and the free and unrestrained brushwork in his paintings all reflect these emotions.It can be said that Bada's internal contradictions were a significant factor in shaping the unique style of his art.