铁路货车制动缸工作环境振动特性分析

Analysis of the Vibration Characteristics of the Brake Cylinders for Railway Wagons in the Operating Environment

利用铁路货车振动试验台开展整车振动试验,对比分析了以吊装和座装方式安装于车体上的制动缸及集成制动缸所处工作环境的振动特性,分析表明安装于转向架制动梁上的集成制动缸所受振动量级最大,且其在空车和重车运行工况中均受到较大的振动。对于安装在车体上的制动缸,空车工况工作环境振动量级比重车工况恶劣,且越靠近心盘和旁承激励输入的安装位置或安装位置刚度较低,均会加大制动缸的振动量级。试验中所获得的不同安装方式制动缸所处工作环境振动数据,可为车辆研发中优化制动缸结构、安装位置和安装方式,分析和解决制动缸或其连接装置故障等提供有力支撑。

The complete vehicle vibration test is carried out on the railway wagon vibration test bench to compare and analyze the vibration characteristics of the brake cylinders and the integrated brake cylinder installed on the carbody through suspension and mounting in the operating environment.It turns out from the analysis that the integrated brake cylinder installed on the brake beam of the bogie suffers from the largest amplitude of vibration and from larger vibration in both the empty car condition and the loaded operation condition.For the brake cylinders installed on the carbody,the amplitude of vibration in the empty car condition and in the operating environment is larger than that in the loaded condition.The closer the installation position is to the bogie center and the side bearing excitation input,or the lower the rigidity of the installation position is,the larger the amplitude of vibration of the brake cylinders will be.The vibration data of brake cylinders in different modes of installation obtained in the operating environment during the test can provide strong support for optimizing the structure,the installation position and the mode of installation of brake cylinders during the R&D of vehicles and for analyzing and solving the defaults of brake cylinders or their connection devices.