数字人文类开放数据竞赛的公众参与行为影响因素研究

Exploring the Factors Influencing Public Participation Behavior in Open Data Contests of Digital Humanities

数字人文类开放数据竞赛是借助公众力量实现文化数据价值的有效创新方式。本文探究数字人文类开放数据竞赛公众参与行为的影响路径,为此类竞赛设计及组织提供相关建议。本文基于自我决定理论和社会支持理论从竞赛任务设计、奖励设置及社会支持3个方面构建公众参与行为影响因素模型,随后,利用结构方程模型揭示了相关因素对公众参与行为的具体影响。在竞赛任务特征方面,胜任感和关联感越高,参与意愿越强。在竞赛奖励特征方面,奖励强度会正向影响公众参与意愿,奖励差距与参与意愿之间的影响关系呈“倒U型”。在参与意愿转化为参与行为过程中,社会支持会起到重要的调节作用。调节作用由大到小依次为社区支持、同伴支持和组织支持。本研究丰富了数字人文类开放数据竞赛公众参与行为的理论基础,并为竞赛提供了相应的设计及管理建议。

Digital humanities open data contests are an effective and innovative way to realize the value of cultural data through the power of the public.This paper explores the influence path of public participation in digital humanities open data contests,and provides suggestions for the design and organization of such contests.Based on Self-determination Theory and Social Support Theory,this paper constructs a model of factors influencing public participation behavior from three aspects:contest task design,reward setting and social support.Then using structural equation modeling to reveal the specific influence of related factors on public participation behavior.In terms of contest task design,the higher the sense of competence and relatedness is,the stronger the participation intention will be.In terms of contest reward setting,the amount of the reward positively affects the public’s intention to participate,and the relationship between the reward gap and participation intention is in an“inverted U-shape”.In the process of transforming participation intention into participation behavior,social support plays an important moderating role.The moderating effects,ranked in descending order,are community support,peer support,and organizational support.This study enriches the theoretical foundation of public participation behavior in digital humanities open data contests and provides corresponding design and management suggestions for the contests.