戒断康复期酒精依赖患者成瘾物质渴求与自动化行为现状及其影响因素研究

Current situation and influencing factors of substance craving and automated behavior in alcohol-dependent patients during abstinence and recovery

目的分析戒断康复期酒精依赖患者的成瘾物质渴求与自动化行为现状,探讨其影响因素。方法选取203例戒断康复期酒精依赖患者进行调查。研究工具为基本资料调查表、成瘾物质渴求与自动化行为反应量表(CAS-S)、一般决策风格量表(GDMS)以及社会支持评定量表(SSRS)。结果不同年龄、居住地、职业状况、受教育程度以及决策风格的CAS-S评分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SSRS评分与CAS-S评分呈负相关(P<0.001);患者戒酒前日饮酒量与CAS-S评分呈正相关(P<0.001)。多因素分析结果显示,戒断前日饮酒量、受教育程度、职业状况、居住地、决策风格、社会支持为戒断康复期酒精依赖患者成瘾物质渴求与自动化行为的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论戒断康复期酒精依赖患者依然存在成瘾物质渴求与自动化行为,尤其是社会支持水平较低、戒断前日饮酒量较大、居住在农村、目前退休或无职业、文化程度较高者。

Objective To analyze the status quo of addictive substance craving and automated behavior in alcohol-dependent patients during abstinence and rehabilitation,and to explore its influencing factors.Methods A total of 203 alcohol-dependent patients during abstinence and rehabilitation were selected and assessed with general information questionnaire,Craving Automated Scale for Substances(CAS-S),General Decision Making Style Scale(GDMS),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).Results Patients with different ages,residence areas,occupations,educational levels and decision-making styles showed different CAS-S scores(P<0.05).The SSRS score was negatively correlated with the CAS-S score(P<0.001).Daily alcohol consumption before abstinence was positively correlated with CAS-S score(P<0.001).Multi-factor analysis showed that the daily alcohol consumption before abstinence,educational level,occupation,residence area,decision-making style and social support were the influencing factors for substance craving and automated behavior in alcohol-dependent patients during abstinence and rehabilitation(P<0.05).Conclusion The alcohol-dependent patients during abstinence still have addictive substance craving and automated behavior,especially those with low level of social support,large amount of alcohol consumption before abstinence,living in rural areas,currently retired or unemployed,and with high educational level.