有机肥料中新污染物及对环境影响的评价

Evaluation of new pollutants in organic fertilizers and their environmental impact

科学规范施用有机肥料对提升土壤肥力、减轻生态环境污染、保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。综述了有机肥料施用过程可能存在的微塑料、抗生素与抗生素抗性基因、持久性有机污染物等新污染物对土壤生态环境与农产品安全产生的影响与风险,归纳了新污染物在土壤中的迁移转化机理及阻控技术;并总结了世界范围内有机肥料产品标准中新污染物相关风险限量指标,为完善我国堆肥及有机肥质量标准体系、提升有机肥行业标准化水平提供参考。

Scientific and standardized application of organic fertilizers is of great significance to improve soil fertility,reduce ecological environment pollution,and ensure national food security.The impacts and risks of new pollutants such as microplastics,antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes,and persistent organic pollutants on soil ecological environment and agricultural product safety that might exist in the application process of organic fertilizers were reviewed,and the migration and transformation mechanism and blocking and control technologies of new pollutants in soil were summarized.It also summarized the risk limit indicators related to new pollutants in organic fertilizer product standards worldwide,which provided a reference for improving China’s compost and organic fertilizer quality standard system and improving the standardization level of organic fertilizer industry.