基于MaxEnt和ArcGIS的山西省蒙古黄芪适宜性区划研究

Study on Suitability Zoning of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Shanxi Province Based on MaxEnt and ArcGIS

目的 掌握影响蒙古黄芪生长的主要环境因子,对蒙古黄芪在山西省适宜区分布进行预测,为山西省蒙古黄芪资源的合理布局提供参考。方法 采用山西省“第四次中药资源普查”数据库收录的蒙古黄芪样点经纬度信息,查询中国数字植物标本馆及检索文献记录补充,将筛选后的347个蒙古黄芪样点分布数据和环境因子添加到最大熵(MaxEnt)模型中运行,筛选出影响蒙古黄芪地理分布的主要环境因子及贡献率。应用地理信息系统软件ArcGIS对山西省蒙古黄芪生态适宜区进行划分。结果 建立的MaxEnt模型受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.909,表明模型预测结果准确。共筛选出19个环境因子,其中气候因子是影响蒙古黄芪分布最重要的环境因子,其次是生物因子与地形因子,土壤因子的影响最小。山西省蒙古黄芪潜在适宜区主要分布在省内北部山区,呈现从北到南适宜等级逐渐降低的趋势,在当前气候条件下山西省蒙古黄芪最适宜区面积为15 424 km^(2),适宜区面积为19 856 km^(2),次适宜区面积为59 436 km^(2),不适宜区面积为61 894 km^(2)。结论 基于MaxEnt模型和ArcGIS软件预测山西省蒙古黄芪适宜区分布状况,对山西省蒙古黄芪资源的保护与合理布局具有一定参考价值。

Objective To grasp the main environmental factors affecting the growth of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao;To predict the distribution of suitable areas of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Shanxi Province;To provide references for the rational distribution of the resources in Shanxi Province.Methods This study utilized the sample point longitude and latitude information collected in the“Fourth Survey of Chinese Materia Medica Resources”database in Shanxi Province.The data were supplemented by searching the China Digital Herbarium and retrieving related literature records.347 sample points distribution data and environmental factors were added to the MaxEnt model.The main environmental factors and contribution rates affecting the geographical distribution of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao were screened out.The ArcGIS software was used to divide the ecological suitable area of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Shanxi Province.Results The area under the ROC curve of the established MaxEnt model was 0.909,indicating that the model prediction results were accurate.The model screened 19 environmental factors.Among them,climate factor was the most important environmental factor,followed by biological factor and topographic factor,and soil factor had the least influence.The potential suitable areas of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Shanxi Province were mainly distributed in the northern mountainous areas,presenting a trend of gradually decreasing suitability levels from north to south.Under the current climate conditions,the most suitable area for Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Shanxi Province was 15424 km2,the suitable area was 19856 km2,the sub suitable area was 59436 km2,and the unsuitable area was 61894 km2.Conclusion Based on MaxEnt model and ArcGIS software,this study predicts the distribution of suitable areas of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Shanxi Province,which has certain reference value for the protection and rational distribution of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao resources in Shanxi Province.