康德美学是当代生态美学的思想渊薮和理论根基——曾永成教授访谈

Kantian Aesthetics as the Intellectual Source and Theoretical Foundation of Contemporary Ecological Aesthetics:An Interview with Professor Zeng Yongcheng

成都大学曾永成教授是国内生态美学研究的代表性学者。他自20世纪80年代初开始正式学习和研究美学,先是由狄德罗“美在关系”说的辨析注意到“关系”思维的重要性,进而主张以“系统”思维进行美学研究。1982年发表论文《运用系统原理进行审美研究试探》,主要阐释马克思的美学思想,认为其“自然向人生成”说作为对自然-人大系统的整体质的概括,是真、善、美三大价值的总根源。继而他又将中国传统美学的“气韵”说与现代量子力学的“波粒二象”说相融合,认定“节律感应”为审美活动的本体特性。1980年代末,他以“节律感应”为核心范畴,与“自然向人生成”说相结合,建构具有生命美学性质的“感应论审美观”,先后在其主编的著作《以美育美》(1989年)和专著《感应与生成》(1991年)中予以阐述。1990年代末,他开始以“生态”思维阐释“自然向人生成”说,揭示其基于生成本体论的人本生态观,在此基础上提出以“节律感应”为核心范畴的人本生态美学的理论构想,实践把美学生态学化的主张。其专著《文艺的绿色之思——文艺生态学引论》(2000年)阐述了人本生态美学的基本学理,《回归实践论人类学》(2005年)则从马克思哲学人类学的视角对之加以整合。2007年退休后,他集中精力研读杜威,从中发掘其生态思维内涵,以寻求人本生态美学的学理支撑,先后发表论文近20篇,于2018年出版《杜威经验论美学的生态精神研究》(合著)。自2014年开始,他研读怀特海的有机宇宙论哲学,先后写成《向美而生的世界》(待出版)和《向美而生的人》(2022年)。怀特海对世界美生本质的深入论述,为美学展开了美生本体论的崭新格局,突破了把美学等同于审美学的流行观念,彰显了美学作为美生学的根本意义,他以这一观念重新阐释马克思美学思想,出版专著《生成与审美》(2021年)。

Since the early 1980s,Professor Zeng Yongcheng of Chengdu University has been researching aesthetics.By tracing the origins of the ecological aesthetic ideas of philosophers such as Marx,Dewey,and Whitehead,he explored a human-centered ecological aesthetic approach based on generative ontology and eventually developed an aesthetic paradigm known as generative ontology of beauty.Over the course of more than 40 years,he has published several monographs,including Resonance and Becoming(1991),Green Thinking in Literature and Art:An Introduction to Literary Ecology(2000),Returning to Practice-Oriented Anthropology(2005),The Ecological Spirit in Dewey’s Aesthetic Empiricism(co-authored,2018),Becoming and Aesthetics(2021),and People Who Live for Beauty(2022).His exploration of human-centered ecological aesthetics has become one of the influential theoretical frameworks in contemporary ecological aesthetics.As Professor Zeng approached his 80s,he revisited Kant’s works and was thrilled to discover the“dialectics of nature”in the second volume of Kant’s Critique of Judgment,which explains the theory of natural generative organic systems.Inspired by this discovery,Professor Zeng proposes that the theory of organic systems is,in fact,a method of ecological thinking.This inherently imbues Kantian aesthetics with profound ecological significance and,in turn,positions it as a foundational source and theoretical basis for contemporary ecological aesthetics.2024 marks the 300th anniversary of Kant’s birth.To commemorate this great philosopher’s pioneering contribution to the ecological turn in aesthetics,Poyang Lake Journal has planned a special issue on Professor Zeng Yongcheng’s research on Kantian ecological aesthetics.Professor Gong Lijuan of Guangxi Minzu University was commissioned to conduct an academic interview with Professor Zeng.The interview focused on the ecological implications of Kantian aesthetics and its relationship with contemporary ecological aesthetics.