铁锰改性油茶壳基生物炭对污泥厌氧消化性能及微生物群落结构的影响

Impact of iron-manganese modified Camellia oleifera shell-based biochar on the anaerobic digestion performance and microbial community structure of sludge

水解阶段是污泥厌氧消化的限速阶段,投加外源添加剂生物炭(BC)是打破水解限制与提高甲烷产量的有效手段。以木本油料加工剩余物油茶壳为原料,制备铁锰改性生物炭(Fe-Mn-BC),并通过扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱、X射线衍射仪等对材料进行表征测试,探讨其对污泥厌氧消化性能、甲烷产量以及微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明:Fe-Mn-BC具有多孔结构,铁锰颗粒以多种氧化物的形式负载在BC表面;添加Fe-Mn-BC能提高甲烷产量,当投加的Fe-Mn-BC总固体质量分数为80 mg/g时,累积产气量最高达301.59 mL/g,较未添加组提升了45.27%。微生物群落分析发现,添加Fe-Mn-BC的组别古菌群落优势菌泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota)、Candidatus_Methanomethylicus和Candidatus_Methanofastidiosum丰度增加,这些菌群能有效促进有机物水解并提高甲烷产量,表明Fe-Mn-BC的加入不仅能富集产甲烷菌等具有功能性的微生物菌群,有效提高污泥厌氧消化效率,也为油茶壳的资源化利用提供了有效途径。

Hydrolysis process limits the anaerobic digestion(AD)rate of sludge.Supplementing exogenous biochar(BC)can effectively boost methane production by overcoming the limitation in hydrolysis.The iron-manganese modified biochar(Fe-Mn-BC)derived from the residual shells of woody oil crops,specifically Camellia oleifera shells,is studied.SEM,FTIR,XPS and XRD are employed to characterize the material,and its impacts on sludge AD performance,methane yield and microbial community structure are explored.The study results demonstrate that since Fe-Mn-BC possesses a porous structure,iron and manganese particles can load onto the BC surface in various forms of oxides.The addition of Fe-Mn-BC elevates methane production.When the total solid mass fraction of Fe-Mn-BC reaches 80 mg/g,cumulative gas production peaks at 301.59 mL/g,marking a 45.27%increase compared to that of the control group.Microbial community analysis reveals that Fe-Mn-BC enriches the abundance of archaeal communities,including Crenarchaeota,Candidatus_Methanomethylicus and Candidatus_Methanofastidiosum.These communities play crucial roles in promoting the hydrolysis of organic matters and enhancing the methane production,indicating that Fe-Mn-BC not only enriches functional microbial communities such as methanogenic bacteria,but also effectively improves the efficiency of sludge AD.Furthermore,this method presents a resource utilization solution for Camellia oleifera shells.