豆薯籽磨浆液对辣椒茶黄螨、蚜虫、蓟马的防治效果

The Prevention and Control Effects of Pachyrhizus erosus Seed Grinding Slurry on Polyphagotarsonemus latus,Aphidoidea and Thrips vulgatissimus of Pepper

为有效防控辣椒虫害,设置了不同浓度的豆薯籽磨浆液(豆薯籽磨浆液50倍液、100倍液、150倍液、200倍液),探究其对辣椒茶黄螨、蚜虫、蓟马的防治效果。结果表明:各处理施用豆薯籽磨浆液后1、3、7 d,辣椒上没有药害发生,说明在辣椒上施用安全,且辣椒生长势强,生长、成熟一致性好。随着豆薯籽磨浆液浓度的降低,其对辣椒茶黄螨、蚜虫、蓟马的防治效果随之降低,均以豆薯籽磨浆液50倍液防治效果最优,药后7 d的防治效果分别达到98.14%、99.46%、92.81%,分别比药剂对照(70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂2000倍液)高1.80、0.27、12.30百分点,但均未达到显著差异水平,且产量最高,667 m^(2)产量为1035.6 kg。在生产上,为了减少化学农药用量,减少农药残留,保障产品安全,建议根据茶黄螨、蚜虫、蓟马虫害主要发生时节,于08:00或17:00左右施用豆薯籽磨浆液50倍液进行防治。

In order to effectively prevent and control insect pests on pepper,different concentrations of Pachyrhizus erosus seed grinding slurry(50 times,100 times,150 times and 200 times solutions)were set up to explore their prevention and control effects on yellow tea mites,aphids and thrips of pepper.The results showed that no pesticide damage occurred on pepper after 1,3,7 days of application of Pachyrhizus erosus seed grinding slurry in each treatment,indicating that application on peppers was safe,and the growth vigor of pepper was strong with good consistency in growth and maturity.As the concentration of Pachyrhizus erosus seed grinding slurry decreased,their control effects on yellow tea mites,aphids and thrips of pepper decreased.The treatment of 50 times solution of Pachyrhizus erosus seed grinding slurry had best prevention and control effect on yellow tea mites,aphids and thrips of pepper,which reached 98.14%,99.46%and 92.81%after 7 days of treatments,respectively,with 1.80 percentage points,0.27 percentage point and 12.30 percentage points higher than the control group(2000 times solution of 70%imidacloprid water dispersible granules)and no significant difference between them.The treatment of 50 times solution of Pachyrhizus erosus seed grinding slurry had the highest yield with 1035.6 kg per 667 m^(2).In production,in order to reduce the dosage of chemical pesticides,minimize pesticide residues and ensure product safety,it is recommended to apply 50 times solution of Pachyrhizus erosus seed grinding slurry around 08:00 or 17:00 for prevention and control according to the main occurrence season of yellow tea mites,aphids and thrips.