基质pH对欧洲报春开花品质的影响

Effects of Substrate pH on Flowering Quality of Primula vulgaris

[目的]探究不同梯度基质pH(4.5、5.5、6.5、7.5)对欧洲报春开花品质的影响,为欧洲报春精细化栽培提供一定的理论基础。[方法]选取了4个不同花色的欧洲报春品种(‘靓丽风景’、‘火热情人’、‘蓝色安吉星’、‘黄丽’),采用硫酸亚铁和氢氧化钠溶液将盆栽基质酸碱度调节为不同梯度,观察株高、花叶生长量等形态指标,并测定细胞保护酶活性、花色素含量、质膜透性等数据,研究基质pH对欧洲报春开花品质的影响。[结果]欧洲报春在基质pH5.5和pH6.5条件下花朵形态较好,在其他pH条件下生长均受到抑制。花瓣的L*值随酸碱胁迫下降,花青苷和类黄酮含量随基质pH值的增加呈下降趋势,而‘火热情人’花瓣细胞液pH值有小幅度上升。与CK相比,4个品种的CAT活性均在pH4.5处理下极显著或显著上升。形态指标与生理指标相关性分析表明POD与类胡萝卜素含量相关性最高,而与花青苷含量相关性最低。主成分分析和隶属函数综合评价结果表明花瓣细胞液pH、叶片相对含水量、开花数、CAT活性、可溶性糖含量、株高可作为评价欧洲报春在不同基质pH下开花品质的主要指标,其中无论在任何基质pH条件下‘蓝色安吉星’开花品质均最好。[结论]欧洲报春开花品质最佳的栽培基质pH为5.5~6.5,在不同基质pH胁迫下4个品种开花品质由高到低依次为:‘蓝色安吉星’、‘靓丽风景’、‘火热情人’、‘黄丽’。

[Objective]To explore the effects of different gradients of substrate pH(4.5,5.5,6.5,7.5)on the flowering quality of Primula vulgaris,and to provide a certain theoretical basis for the refined cultivation of Primula vulgaris.[Methods]Based on four different-colored P.vulgaris varieties('Beautiful Scenery,''Hot Lover,''Blue Onstar,''Huangli'),sulfuric acid ferrous and sodium hydroxide solutions were used to adjust the pH of potted substrate to different gradients.Morphological indicators such as plant height and flower leaf growth were observed,and data such as cell protective enzyme activity,pigment content,and mem-brane permeability were measured to study the effects of substrate pH on the flowering quality of P.vulgar-is.[Results]P.vulgaris had better flower morphology at substrate pH5.5 and pH6.5,and growth was inhib-ited at all other pH conditions.The L*value of the petals decreased under acid-alkaline stress,while the content of anthocyanins and flavonoids exhibited a decreasing trend with an increase in substrate pH.The petal cell sap pH of'Hot Lover'showed a slight increase compared with control treatment(CK).Compare with CK,the CAT activities of the four varieties increased significantly under pH 4.5 treatment.Correlation analysis between morphological and physiological indicators indicated that POD had the highest correla-tion with carotenoid content and the lowest correlation with anthocyanin content.The results of principal component analysis and a comprehensive evaluation based on membership functions suggested that pet-al cell sap pH,blade relative water content,flowering count,CAT activity,soluble sugar content,and plant height could be used as the primary indicators for evaluating the flowering quality of P.vulgaris under dif-ferent substrate pH conditions.Regardless of the substrate pH conditions,'Blue Onstar'consistently exhib-ited the highest flowering quality.[Conclusion]The optimal substrate pH for the best flowering quality of P.vulgaris falls within the range of 5.5 to 6.5.Under different substrate pH stresses,the flowering quality of'Blue Onstar'was the highest,followed by'Beautiful Scenery,''Hot Lover,'and'Huangli'.