生物质基木竹材改性剂研究进展及存在问题

Research Progress and Challenges of Wood and Bamboo Modification Using Biomass and Its Derivatives

随着环境和资源问题的加剧,木竹材改性的环保性和安全性得到了越来越广泛的关注。传统木竹材改性技术大多以化石资源为原料,普遍存在高能耗、高污染、改性材不可降解等问题。因此,需要探索高效、低能耗、绿色环保的木竹材改性技术。生物质基木竹材改性剂源于生物质资源,不仅能改善木材和竹材性能,还能降低原材料的化石资源依赖性,最大限度保持木质材料的可降解性能,这为木竹材改性的发展提供了新思路。本文以糠醇树脂改性、松香改性、聚酯类聚合物改性等改性方法为主,对近年来以生物质及其衍生物作为木竹材改性剂的相关研究进行了总结,并对其存在的问题进行了分析,以期为木竹材改性技术的研究与发展提供借鉴。

With the intensification of environmental and resource issues,the environmental protection and safety of wood and bamboo modification are becoming more and more concerned.Traditional modification technologies have the disadvantages of high energy consumption,high pollution,and non-degradability of modified materials,due to the common utilization of fossil-based resources as the raw materials.Therefore,it is necessary to explore efficient,low energy consumption,and environmentally friendly modification technologies.The utilization of biomass-based modifiers coming from biomass resources in wood and bamboo modification not only improves the properties of wood and bamboo,but also reduces the fossil resource dependence and maximizes the degradability of materials,providing a new idea for the development of wood and bamboo modification.Hence,focusing on modification methods of furfurylation,rosin modification,and polyester modification,in this paper,the relevant researches were summarized on using biomass and its derivatives as modifier in recent years and highlighted the remaining challenges and potential future directions.It provides guidance for the research and development of wood and bamboo modification.