枸杞子-菊花药对提取物对豚鼠光源性近视模型的影响及机制研究

Effect and Mechanism of Lycii Fructus-Chrysanthemi Flos Herbal Pair Extract on Light Source-Induced Myopia in Guinea Pigs

目的考察枸杞子与菊花药对配伍对发育期豚鼠光源性近视发生及发展的影响。方法采用三基色荧光灯照射发育期豚鼠,建立光源性近视模型,枸杞子-菊花提取物添加饲料饲养豚鼠,利用眼科A型超声测量仪检测眼轴,HE染色观察豚鼠视网膜病理损伤,酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测豚鼠视网膜多巴胺(DA)及褪黑素(MT)含量,转录组学分析等方法探讨枸杞子-菊花对豚鼠光源性近视的影响。结果造模6周后,与正常组相比,模型组豚鼠眼轴显著增长(P<0.01),近视模型建立成功;枸杞子-菊花提取物可有效减缓模型组豚鼠晶状体加厚、玻璃体腔加深,进而延缓整体眼轴的过度增长;模型组豚鼠视网膜组织变薄,视网膜内核层及外核层的厚度及细胞数目显著降低,神经节细胞核稀疏,神经节细胞层空泡化明显,枸杞子-菊花提取物能保护视网膜细胞,视网膜内核层及外核层的厚度及细胞数目增加,神经节细胞核增多;ELISA检测显示模型组豚鼠视网膜内DA、MT水平显著降低(P<0.05),中、高剂量枸杞子-菊花提取物能够有效提升模型组豚鼠视网膜及血清中DA含量(P<0.01,P<0.001);眼部转录组学分析筛选的差异基因主要富集于过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)信号通路、含胶原蛋白的细胞外基质等相关途径;ELISA结果显示,高剂量枸杞子-菊花提取物能显著增加PPARγ、COL1A1含量(P<0.01),降低SMA含量(P<0.05)。结论枸杞子-菊花药对具有延缓发育期豚鼠光源性近视发生及发展效用,保护视网膜细胞,改善人工光环境导致的DA分泌紊乱,参与调控眼部PPARγ水平,对光源性近视的防控具有积极意义,为临床合理用药和创制眼功能健康产品提供了科学依据。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Lycii Fructus-Chrysanthemi Flos herbal pair on the occurrence and progression of light source-induced myopia in guinea pigs.METHODS The three-band fluorescent lamp was used to irradiate guinea pigs to establish a model of light source-induced myopia.Lycii Fructus-Chrysanthemi Flos herbal pair extract was added in the feed to raise guinea pigs.Ophthalmic A-type ultrasonic measuring instrument was used to detect the eye axis.HE staining was used to observe pathological damage to the retina of the guinea pigs.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect dopamine(DA)and melatonin(MT)levels in guinea pig retinas,and transcriptomic analysis and other methods were used to explore the effects of Lycii Fructus-Chrysanthemi Flos on light-induced myopia in guinea pigs.RESULTS After 6 weeks,compared with the normal group,the eye axis of model group guinea pigs increased significantly(P<0.01),thus,the myopia model was successfully established.Lycii Fructus-Chrysanthemi Flos herbal pair extract could effectively slow down the thickening of the lens and the deepening of the vitreous cavity,thereby delaying the overgrowth of the eye axis in model guinea pigs.The retinal tissue of guinea pigs in the model group became thinner,the thickness and number of cells in the inner and outer nuclear layer of the retina were significantly reduced,the ganglion nuclei were sparse,the vacuolization of the ganglion cell layer was obvious.Lycii Fructus-Chrysanthemi Flos extract could protect retinal cells.The thickness and cell number of the retinal inner nuclear layer and outer nuclear layer were increased,and ganglion cell nuclei were increased.ELISA assay showed that the concentrations of DA and MT in the retina of model group guinea pigs were significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the medium and high doses of Lycii Fructus-Chrysanthemi Flos herbal pair extract could effectively increase the concentration of dopamine in the retina and serum of guinea pigs in the model group(P<0.01,P<0.001).The differential genes screened by eye transcriptomics analysis were mainly enriched in PPAR signals pathway,collagen-containing extracellular matrix and other related pathways.ELISA results showed that the high dose of Lycii Fructus-Chrysanthemi Flos extract could significantly increase the content of PPARγand COL1A1(P<0.01)and reduce the content of SMA(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The Lycii Fructus-Chrysanthemi Flos herbal pair extract has effects on delaying the occurrence and progression of light source-induced myopia in guinea pigs,protecting retinal cells,improving DA secretion disorders caused by artificial light environment,and regulating the level of PPAR,which has positive significance for the prevention and control of light source-induced myopia and provides a scientific basis for the rational use of drugs in clinical practice and the creation of eye health products.