有氧运动疗法联合胰岛素治疗妊娠糖尿病患者的效果

Effect of aerobic exercise therapy combined with insulin in the treatment of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的探讨有氧运动疗法联合胰岛素治疗妊娠糖尿病(GDM)患者的效果。方法选取同济大学附属东方医院胶州医院2021年5月至2023年2月收治的85例GDM患者为研究对象,以随机数字表法分为两组。常规组(42例)采用胰岛素治疗,联合组(43例)在常规组基础上采用有氧运动疗法,比较两组胰岛素敏感性、血糖代谢指标以及母婴结局。结果治疗后,联合组胰岛素抵抗指数低于常规组,胰岛素敏感性指数以及β细胞分泌指数均高于常规组(P<0.05);联合组空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均低于常规组(P<0.05);联合组剖宫产、新生儿低血糖、巨大儿发生率低于常规组(P<0.05)。结论在GDM患者胰岛素治疗期间实施有氧运动疗法能够增强患者胰岛素敏感性,改善糖代谢水平,并降低不良母婴结局的发生风险。

Objective To explore the effect of aerobic exercise therapy combined with insulin in the treatment of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods Eighty-five GDM patients admitted to Jiaozhou Hospital,East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University from May 2021 to February 2023 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method.The routine group(42 cases)was treated with insulin,and the combined group(43 cases)was treated with aerobic exercise on the basis of routine group.The insulin sensitivity,blood glucose metabolism indexes,and maternal and infant outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in the combined group was lower than that in the routine group,while the insulin sensitivity index and homeostasis model assessment ofβcell were higher than those in the routine group(P<0.05).The levels of fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,and glycosylated hemoglobin in the combined group were lower than those in the routine group(P<0.05).The incidence of cesarean section,neonatal hypoglycemia,and macrosomia in the combined group was lower than that in the routine group(P<0.05).Conclusion Aerobic exercise therapy can enhance the insulin sensitivity of GDM patients who underwent insulin therapy,improve glucose metabolism level,and reduce the risk of adverse maternal and infant outcomes.