60例口腔颌面间隙感染儿童病原菌分布及药敏结果分析

Distribution of Pathogens and Drug Sensitivity Results in 60 Children with Maxillofacial Space Infection

目的以60例口腔颌面间隙感染(MSI)儿童为例,分析此类患儿感染病原菌分布和药敏结果,为该病治疗提供依据。方法选择2020年3月至2023年3月我院收治的60例MSI患儿,均行病原菌检测和药敏试验,分析结果。结果60例MSI患儿感染部位占比最高为眶下间隙,其次是咬肌间隙、颊间隙。本次共分离病原菌株106株,其中革兰阳性菌57株,革兰阴性菌46株,真菌3株。革兰阳性菌中排名前三为金黄色葡萄球菌(22.64%)、表皮葡萄球菌(15.09%)、溶血性链球菌(11.32%);革兰阴性菌中排名前三为肺炎克雷伯菌(17.92%)、普雷沃菌(14.15%)、铜绿假单胞菌(6.60%)。主要革兰阳性菌中金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素、头孢噻肟、氨苄西林耐药率偏高;表皮葡萄球菌对青霉素、头孢噻肟耐药率偏高;溶血性链球菌对头孢噻肟、红霉素耐药率偏高。结论MSI患儿感染部位以眶下间隙、咬肌间隙、颊间隙为主,病原菌主要为革兰阳性菌,临床需根据感染病原菌种类、药敏结果采取相关治疗。

Objective Taking 60 children with oral and maxillofacial space infection(MSI)as an example,the distribution of infectious pathogens and drug sensitivity results in such children were analyzed to provide a basis for the treatment of the disease.Methods Select 60 children with MSI admitted to our hospital from March 2020 to March 2023,all of whom underwent pathogen detection and drug sensitivity tests,and analyze the results.Results In this study,the proportion of infection at the infraorbital space was the highest,followed by the masseter space and the buccal space.A total of 106 pathogenic strains were isolated,including 57 strains of Gram-positive bacteria,46 strains of Gram-negative bacteria,and 3 strains of fungi.The top three Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus(22.64%),Staphylococcus epidermidis(15.09%)and Streptococcus hemolyticus(11.32%).The top three Gram-negative bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae(17.92%),Prevotella(14.15%)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(6.60%).The drug sensitivity results showed that among main Gram-positive bacteria,resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin,cefotaxime and ampicillin were high,which were 95.83%,91.67%and 83.33%.Resistance rates of Staphylococcus epidermidis to penicillin and cefotaxime were high,both of which was 93.75%.Resistance rates of Streptococcus hemolyticus to cefotaxime and erythromycin were higher,which were 75.00%and 66.67%.Conclusion The infection sites of MSI children are mainly in the infraorbital space,masseter muscle space,and buccal space,and the main pathogenic bacteria are Gram positive bacteria.Clinical treatment should be taken based on the type of infectious bacteria and drug sensitivity results.