上海近代建筑新材料与新技术的出现、演变及其价值认知

The Emergence and Evolution of Modern Building Materials and Technologies in Shanghai and Their Value Perception

1843年上海开埠,西式建筑进入上海并引起了建筑风格和式样的巨大变化,而支撑这种变化的正是新的建筑材料与技术的出现和演变。它们在百年时间内经历了从传统到改良、从舶来到自产的过程,现代建筑施工业也逐步取代了传统匠作营造业。文章通过搜集整理近代文献、图纸中的新材料与新技术,并结合近代建筑遗产保护工程中的实物案例,概要性梳理了上海近代建筑中新材料与新技术的类型、特征与演变过程;并从建造价值的角度,阐释了建造技术与建筑遗产的关系,并基于近代建筑建造的价值认知提出针对性的保护建议。

Since the opening of Shanghai in 1843,Western architecture has entered the city and brought about significant alterations in architectural styles and patterns.Underlying this change is the emergence and evolution of new construction materials and technologies.Over the past century,they have undergone a process from tradition to improvement and from foreign to domestic.The modern construction industry has gradually displaced the traditional craftsmanship.This article combs through the types,characteristics,and evolution process of new materials and technologies in modern architecture in Shanghai by collecting and organizing relevant information from modern literature and drawings,and combining with practical cases from modern architectural heritage protection projects.Additionally,the article explains the relationship between construction technology and architectural heritage from the perspective of construction value,and puts forward suggestions for the value recognition and protection of modern architecture construction.