刘国枢与20世纪西南美术的教育文脉

Liu Guoshu and the Development of Art Education in Southwest China in the 20th Century

油画家刘国枢之于时代的特殊性,不仅在于其创作出《飞夺泸定桥》《红军到川北》《县委书记》等重要作品,也在于他几乎完整地见证并影响了20世纪西南美术教育史。他曾求学于战时西迁江津的武昌艺专,任教于重庆的私立西南美专及西南人民艺术学院、西南美专、四川美术学院等学校,培养了一大批在中国乃至世界具有重要声誉的艺术家。本文通过梳理刘国枢的教学生涯,呈现其与20世纪西南美术教育文脉之间的关系,力求以他为典型案例来讨论写实主义绘画在20世纪中国西南的发展境况。

Oil painter Liu Guoshu was unique to the times in that he created important artworks including the Battle of Luding Bridge,the Red Army Arrives in Northern Sichuan and County-level Party Secretary and that he almost witnessed the entire development of art education in southwest China in the 20th Century and had an influence on it.He studied at Wuchang Art College,which moved west to Jiangjin District,Chongqing during the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,and taught at Private Southwest Fine Arts College,Southwest People’s Art Academy,Southwest Fine Arts College,and Sichuan Fine Arts Institute in Chongqing,where he cultivated a large number of artists renowned in China and the world as a whole.This article presents the relationship between Liu Guoshu’s teaching career and the development of art education in southwest China in the 20th Century,and tries to take him as a typical case to discuss the development of realistic painting in southwest China in the 20th Century.