恒星氦燃烧关键反应^(12)C(α,γ)^(16)O的实验研究

Experimental Research on the Key Reaction of Stellar Helium Burning:^(12)C(α,γ)^(16)O

^(12)C(α,γ)^(16)O反应是核天体物理重要核反应之一。该反应通过与3α反应竞争直接影响氦燃烧产生的C和O的丰度比,对于理解恒星演化和生物演化都有重要意义,也对研究黑洞间隙有重要作用,被誉为核天体物理的圣杯反应。本文对该反应的研究现状进行了介绍,并介绍了未来的计划。对该反应的间接测量方法主要有弹性/非弹性散射、β延迟α发射、逆反应和α转移等方法,近年来国际上也有一些直接测量实验研究。然而目前现有^(12)C(α,γ)^(16)O反应直接测量仍无法将测量能区扩展至核天体物理关心的伽莫夫窗口,间接测量结果之间也存在较大分歧,远未达到恒星模型计算要求的10%精度,因此对该反应的测量仍是核天体物理关注的重点。中国原子能科学研究院利用(^(11)B,^(7)Li)转移体系对圣杯反应进行了间接测量,并正在锦屏深地核天体物理实验平台开展直接测量研究,已完成国际最低能区直接测量,未来将向更低的能区发起冲击。

The ^(12)C(α,γ)^(16)O reaction is one of the most important reactions in nuclear astrophysics.It greatly influences the ratio of the abundances for the carbon and oxygen created at the end of the helium burning by competing with the triple-αprocess.It is of great significance for understanding both stellar and biological evolution,as well as for studying black hole gaps.It is called the Holy Grail reaction in nuclear astrophysics.In this article,the current research status of this reaction and future plans were introduced.There are several indirect methods to measure this reaction,such as elastic scattering,β-delayedαdecay of 16N,inverse reactions andαtransfer reactions.In recent years,there were also some direct measurement experiments.However,these studies couldn’t make the measurement entering inside the Gamow Window.There are also differences between different indirect measurement results.The uncertainty of this reaction is still much larger than the critical value of 10%,which is required by the nuclear astrophysics calculation.Therefore,the measurement of this reaction remains a focus of attention in nuclear astrophysics.The RNB group in China Institute of Atomic Energy used the(^(11)B,^(7)Li)transfer reaction to study the ^(12)C(α,γ)^(16)O reaction and are working on the direct experiment in Jinping underground nuclear astrophysics laboratory.The lowest energy experiment has been finished and the measurement for lower energy will be performed in the future.