滴线附近原子核的衰变和结构研究

Decay and Structure of Nuclei Around the Drip Line

滴线区原子核奇异衰变和结构研究对人们认识原子核新规律及发展新理论起到了关键的作用。近些年来相关研究取得了重要进展,但是还有很多新现象和新规律有待人们去认识。以质子滴线外^(16)Ne原子核的双质子衰变为例,介绍了不变质量法在质子衰变研究中的应用,得到了^(16)Ne基态和第一激发态的衰变能与动量关联。与利用飞行衰变法得到的结果进行了比较,说明了运用完整运动学测量的不变质量法可以更准确地确定共振态的衰变信息。假设^(16)Ne基态具有不同半衰期,通过模拟生成不变质量谱,研究了原子核寿命不同对不变质量谱准确度的影响。结果表明对于寿命较短的原子核不变质量法有效且可靠,对于寿命较长的原子核飞行衰变法则更为合适。

Studies of nuclear exotic decay and structure around the drip line are of critical importance for understanding new laws in nuclei and developing new nuclear theories.In recent years,significant progress has been made in related research.However,there are still numerous new phenomena and mechanisms,which need further exploration.In this paper,the twoproton decay of resonant states in ^(16)Ne is used as an example to introduce the applications of the invariant mass method in proton decay studies.With the invariant mass method,the decay energies and the corresponding momentum correlations of the ground state and the first excited state in ^(16)Ne are determined.Comparative analysis with results obtained using the decay-inflight method has illustrated that the invariant mass method,with its complete kinematic measurements,offers more precise results about the decay characteristics of resonant states.By simulating invariant mass spectra under the assumption of different half-lives for the ground state of ^(16)Ne,the impact of nuclear lifetime on the accuracy of the invariant mass spectrum is studied.The results indicate that the invariant mass method is effective and reliable for short-lived nuclei,while the decay-inflight method is more suitable for long-lived nuclei.