3种绿藻对市政污水的脱氮除磷效率及其细胞营养积累研究

Study on the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency and cellular nutrient accumulation of three green algae in municipal wastewater treatment

以3种绿藻(小球藻(Chlorella sp.)、四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda)和尖细栅藻(Scenedesmus acuminatus))为研究对象,使用灭菌和未灭菌的曝气池原水构建纯藻培养体系和藻菌共培养体系对其进行为期18 d的培养,探究了3种绿藻对市政污水中氮、磷污染物的去除效果,并从资源化角度比较藻细胞营养差异。结果表明,3种绿藻生长良好,且在藻菌共培养体系中表现出了更高的光合潜力。3种绿藻培养液中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和氨氮含量均随培养时间的增加而显著降低(p<0.05),培养过程中去除率分别达到51%、76%、55%以上,小球藻对营养盐去除效果更佳,且在藻菌共培养体系中去除效果显著高于纯藻培养体系(p<0.05)。细胞营养测定结果表明,小球藻蛋白质质量分数和总油脂产率均高于四尾栅藻和尖细栅藻,且在藻菌共培养体系中更高。综上所述,小球藻在市政污水净化方面更具潜力,且藻菌共培养环境更有利于污水的脱氮除磷和细胞营养的积累。

In this study,three types of green algae(Chlorella sp.,Scenedesmus quadricauda and Scenedesmus acuminatus)were used as the research subjects to explore their nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency in municipal wastewater.These algae were cultured for 18 days in sterilized and non-sterilized raw municipal sewage water to establish pure algae culture and algae-bacteria co-culture systems.The cellular nutrient accumulation of three green algae was compared from a resource perspective.The results indicated that all three types of green algae grew well,with the algae in the algae-bacteria co-culture system exhibiting higher photosynthetic potential.The concentrations of total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),and ammonia nitrogen in the culture medium significantly decreased with the increase in cultivation time(p<0.05),with removal rates were above 51%,76%,and 55%,respectively.Chlorella sp.showed superior removal efficiency,particularly in the co-culture system,which was significantly better than the pure algae culture system(p<0.05).Cellular nutrient measurements showed that Chlorella sp.had higher protein and total lipid yield than the other two species,especially in the presence of bacteria.In conclusion,Chlorella sp.had greater potential for municipal wastewater purification,and the algae-bacteria co-culture environment was more favorable for nitrogen and phosphorus removal as well as cellular nutrient accumulation.