吉尔吉斯斯坦受威胁维管植物物种多样性及其分布格局

Species diversity and distribution patterns of threatened vascular plants in Kyrgyzstan

为了解吉尔吉斯斯坦受威胁维管植物资源现状,本文以《吉尔吉斯斯坦红皮书(2006版)》为基础,结合世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)收录的吉尔吉斯斯坦维管植物红色名录,确定了吉尔吉斯斯坦受威胁维管植物名录。根据植物志等文献资料统计分析其科属组成、受威胁等级、生活型、植物资源多样性,运用ArcGIS软件结合现有保护区数据研究其物种丰富度的地理分布格局。结果表明:吉尔吉斯斯坦受威胁植物有27科61属86种(含种下等级,下同),被子植物占绝对优势(98.36%),受威胁植物物种数前五科分别为百合科(Liliaceae,17种)、蔷薇科(Rosaceae,9种)、菊科(Asteraceae,9种)、伞形科(Apiaceae,9种)和唇形科(Lamiaceae,6种);从受威胁等级来看,极危种(CR)12种、濒危种(EN)22种、易危种(VU)52种,人类活动是最主要的威胁因素。生活型划分为多年生草本64种、乔木9种、灌木7种、半灌木6种、一年生草本和藤本均为1种。受威胁植物在植物地理区尺度上分布不均匀,集中分布在吉尔吉斯斯坦的西部和西南部,且物种丰富度高的植物地理区覆盖的保护区面积却较小。

In order to understand the current situation of threatened vascular plant resources in Kyrgyzstan,this paper took threatened vascular plants in Kyrgyzstan as the research object,and used ArcGIS software to study their species richness distribution pattern combined with existing protected area data,and analyzed their family and genus composition,threat grade,life forms,and plant resource diversity.The results showed that there were 86 species of threatened plants in 27 families,61 genera(including subspecific grades,the same below).Angio-sperms dominate,monotypic families and monotypic genera are the main components of families.In terms of threat level,there are 12 species of Critically Endangered species(CR),22 species of Endangered species(EN),and 52 species of Vulnerable species(VU),and human activities are the most important threat factors.The life types were divided into 64 species of perennial herbs,9 species of trees,7 species of shrubs,6 species of sub-shrubs and 1 species of annual herbs and vines.The distribution of threatened plants is not uniform at the phyto-geographic area scale,and they are concentrated in the west and southwest of Gilji,and the geographical protec-tion area of plants with high species richness is small.On this basis,some suggestions for the protection of threat-ened vascular plants in Kyrgyzstan were put forward in order to provide reference for the conservation of plant di-versity in the study area.