拒绝上学青少年父母亲职压力研究及家校社医联合干预路径探索

Exploring the Research on Parenting Stress of School Refusal Adolescents and the Path of Joint Intervention among Families,Schools,Communities,and Medical Institutions

近年来,青少年群体的心理健康问题日益突出,越来越多的青少年出现拒绝上学现象。孩子拒绝上学对一个家庭来说是巨大的冲击,本研究从家长应对孩子拒绝上学的行为出发,主要探究家长在这一过程中承受的压力情况。本研究运用访谈法和实物收集法,对收集的访谈文本进行类属分析,探究拒绝上学青少年父母的亲职压力。研究结果发现,其亲职压力有三个系统性来源:一是微观个体层面,主要表现为负性情绪的折磨、躯体反应的加重;二是中观家庭层面,主要表现为亲密关系的失衡、代际冲突的加剧;三是宏观社会层面,主要表现为家校沟通的屏障、求助无门的困扰。基于此,本研究构建了家校社医联合干预的路径:家庭层面应做好自我关怀,增加情感交流;学校层面应加强沟通指导,灵活调整制度;社会层面应构建互助平台,正确宣传引导;医疗层面应畅通绿色通道,多学科联合诊疗。

In recent years,there has been a growing concern over the mental health issues faced by teenagers,which has resulted in an increasing number of students refusing to attend school.This can be a major shock for families,and the purpose of this study is to focus on the pressure that parents face when dealing with their children’s school refusal.Through the use of interviews and physical collection methods,a thematic analysis was conducted on the collected interview texts to explore the parenting stress experienced when dealing with school refusal among teenagers.The research findings indicate that parental stress has three main sources:at the individual level,it is mainly characterized by negative emotions and physical reactions;at the family level,it is mainly shown as an imbalance in intimate relationships and an increase in intergenerational conflicts;and at the societal level,it is mainly presented as communication barriers between home and school and the distress of lack of assistance.Based on these findings,the study proposes a joint intervention approach by families,schools,communities,and medical institutions to provide support and assistance to families dealing with school refusal.At the family level,emphasis should be placed on self-care and increased emotional communication.At the school level,communication guidance and flexible adjustment of systems are important.At the societal level,mutual aid platforms should be established,and correct guidance and promotion should be carried out.At the medical level,green channels for assistance and multidisciplinary collaborative treatment should be provided.